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Arab Academy for Science and Technology AAGSB Management Information systems & E-Business Course Course Syllabus Course • Course Title: Management Information Systems and E-Business • Pre-requisite: None • Time: Sundays from 6:30 to 9:30 PM • Course Web Page http://www.mahoudyoussef.com/aagsb/mba/mis Instructor • Name: Mahmoud Youssef, PhD • Current Position: Chairman, E-Commerce Department, AAST. • Education: – PhD (Information Technology): Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey. – MBA: Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey. – MBA (MIS): AAGSB – B.Sc. (Engineering): Alexandria University • Work Experience: Network Engineer, World Health Organization’s Regional Office. Instructor Cont’d • Email: youssefm13@gmail – Please put your name, and the course name in each email. – Please do not send me personal emails using this address. • Personal Web Page: http://www.mahmoudyoussef.com/ You will find a link to the course on this page. Study Materials • Textbooks: – Essentials of Business Information Systems (7th Edition), Kenneth C. Laudon and Jane P. Laudon, Pearson Prentice Hall. – Management Information Systems (8th Edition), Raymond McLeod, and George Schell. – Introduction to e-commerce (2nd Edition), Jeffery Rayport, and Bernard Jaworski, ISBN:0-07-255347-2 Study Materials Cont’d • Lecture Notes: – Provide by the instructor – These notes should be augmented by your own notes from the class. – Any additional materials discussed in the class are required unless otherwise specified. • PowerPoint: – Provided by the instructor – These presentations are not enough as study materials. • Practice Questions: – The instructor will post sample questions for practice for the exams on the course Website. Grade Breakdown • Midterm Exam: 35% • Final Exam: 35% (Non- Cumulative) • Class Participaion:15% – This part will include attendancde and participation in discusions on reading assignments. • Term Project: 15% Project Requirements The project can be one of the following activities: • A Term Paper. Only one student can participate in a term paper. See paper requirements on the course website. • A Business Plan: Up to three students can participate in developing a business model. This will be covered very late in the course. • A presentation of a paper: – A student may opt to present a paper from a list of papers provided by the instructor (on the course Website). Only one student can present the same topic. – Typically these papers are large and require careful reading. – The student is expected to fully understand the paper, prepare a 15 minutes presentation on it, and be ready to answer questions during the presentation. Such presentations will be part of the midterm and final exams. Please introduce yourself • • • • Your Name Your Current Job Your Undergraduate Degree Any Other relevant Information Introduction to Computers, Networks, and Databases By Mahmoud Youssef, PhD What is a computer? A machine that, under a program’s direction, performs four basic operations: input, processing, output, and storage What is a program? A list of instructions that tells a computer how to perform the four basic operations What is input? Data entered into the computer system for processing Electrical impulses representing words, numbers, images, or sounds What is processing? Performing arithmetic or comparison (logical) operations on the data Arithmetic Logic 4 + 16 = 728 > 546 20 What is output? Showing the results of the processing operation in a way people can understand What is storage? Saving the data or output so that it can be used again later What are the computer’s physical components? HARDWARE Input devices- Enable users to put data into the computer for processing Processing circuitry- Components located in the system’s case that transform data into information Output devices- Peripherals that show the results of processing Storage devices- Used to hold all the programs and data that the computer uses Communication Devices- Used to move data between computers What are input devices? Mouse- pointing device Keyboard Microphonespeech-recognition What are processing devices? Motherboard Expansion card Central Processing Unit- CPU Random Access Memory- RAM What are output devices? Monitor Printer Speakers What are storage devices ? Micro Drive Floppy Disk Drive CD / DVD Drive Zip Drive Jazz Drive Hard Drive Tape Drive What are communications devices ? Modem Network Interface Card- NIC What are the different types of computers? Desktop- PC, Microcomputer Workstation Supercomputer Mainframe Minicomputer Server Notebook- Laptop Personal Digital Assistant- PDA, Handheld, Pocket PC What is software? Programs that give the computer’s hardware its step-by-step instructions What are the different types of software? System software- All programs that help the computer function properly Application software- All the programs you use to perform a task such as writing a letter or browsing the World Wide Web System software Application software What is an operating system? System software that . . . Coordinates the various functions of the computer’s hardware Provide support for running application software Provide utility programs for optimizing computer performance What are the types of operating systems? Command-line interface- Users type instructions at the keyboard, one line at a time. Examples MS-DOS, PC DOS, UNIX Graphical user interface (GUI)- Users choose items from menus by using a pointing device to click on icons which represent resources and commands. Examples Windows, Mac OS Command-line interface Graphical user interface (GUI)- What is a software suite? A collection of full featured standalone programs that usually share a common command structure and have similar interfaces MS WORD MS EXCEL MS ACCESS MS POWERPOINT MS FRONT PAGE What is the internet? A world-spanning computer network Core Network Concepts Major Network Categories • Major Network Types – The Global Internet – Internal Corporate Networks – The Worldwide Telephone System Major Network Categories • Telecommunications Spans Two Concerns – Voice and Video Communication vs – Data Communication • At least one party is a computer – The two are converging Telecommunications Voice and Video Data Communication Network • A network is a system of hardware, software and transmission components that collectively allow two application programs on two different stations connected to the network to communicate well. Elements of a Network Application Application Frame Networks connect applications on different stations Elements of a Network Frame Client Station Mobile Client Station Server Station Stations are computers and other devices such as cellphones and PDAs Server Station Elements of a Network Frame Client Station Mobile Client Station Server Station Stations communicate by sending messages called Frames Server Station Elements of a Network Frame Switch Switch Switch Switch Frames may pass through multiple switches Elements of a Network Access links connect stations to the first switch Usually copper wire Increasingly, radio links Access Link Access Link Access Link Access Link Elements of a Network Trunk Link Trunk Link Trunk Link Trunk links connect switches Higher capacity than access links Often optical fiber Trunk Link Trunk Link Network Elements: Recap • • • • • • Applications Stations Frames Switches Access Links Trunk Links Client/Server Architecture Usually, two types of stations Clients and Servers Server Client PC Request Response Network Clients Receive Services Servers Provide Services Servers PC Server Standard PC Microprocessor Network Operating Systems Microsoft Windows Server Novell Network LINUX Servers Fast (and Expensive) Custom-Built Microprocessor UNIX Operating System Workstation Server Fastest Servers Ultra-Reliable Specialized Operating System Mainframe Server Packet Switching Original Message Packet Switch Computer X A Packet B 1. Break message into Smaller packets AKA frames C Switching Decision E D 2. Route packets individually Computer Y F Packet Switching • Packet Switching Reduces Trunk Line Costs – Packets from several conversations are multiplexed on trunk lines – Each conversation only pays for the capacity it uses Trunk Link Packet from A to B Packet from C to D Geographic Scope • Local Area Network (LAN) – Limited geographical distance: home, office, building, campus, industrial part – Customer premises operation • User firm chooses technology • User firm needs to manage on ongoing basis – Low cost per bit transmitted • Companies can afford high speed • 100 Mbps to the desktop is typical Geographic Scope • Wide Area Network (WAN) WAN – To link sites • Long distances – Requires the use of carriers to provide service • Limited and complex choices but carrier manages – High cost per bit transmitted • Companies cannot afford high speeds • Usually low speed (56 kbps to a few megabits per second) Geographic Scope • Other Distinctions – Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) • Single urban area (city and its suburbs) • Faster than long-distance WANs – Personal Area Network (PAN) • A person’s body or desk area – Storage Area Network (SAN) • To link servers to storage devices Internet • An internet is a group of networks linked together with routers in a way that allows an application program on any station on any network in the internet to be able to communicate with an application program on another station on any other network. Network 1 Network 2 Packets and Frames • Messages in Single Networks are Called Frames • Messages in Internets are Called Packets Frames and Packets • Like passing a shipment (the packet) from a truck (frame) to an airplane (frame) at an Receiver airport. Shipper Same Shipment Truck Airport Airport Truck Airplane The Internet Browser The global Internet has thousands of networks Webserver Software Network Packet Router Packet Route Router Router Packet The Internet Browser Webserver Software Network Packet Router Packet Route Router Router Packet User PC (Host) IP Address=128.150.50.9 Webserver (Host) IP Address=128.171.17.13 Host name=voyager.cba.hawaii.edu Host Addresses and Host Names • Host IP Address – Official address of host on the Internet – Every host must have an IP address, including client PCs and PDAs – 32 bits long – Often expressed in dotted Decimal Notation for human reading (e.g., 128.171.17.13) – Hosts and routers work with 32-bit binary form IP Address: 128.171.17.13 Databases What is a Database ? • A Database (DB) is collection of related data - with the following properties – A DB is designed, built and populated with data for a specific purpose – A DB represents some aspect of the real world. – Self-Describing: A database maintains a description of the data it contains (Catalog) – Related: Data has some relationship to one another, e.g., e.g.: Information stored in an University Students, Courses, Faculty, Students taking courses, Faculty teaching courses, .... A Database System Components • The Database • Database Management System (DBMS) • Application Programs Users DBS Application Programs Query and transaction Processing Management of Stored Data Meta-data DBMS Database Database Management System (DBMS) • A set of programs that are used to: – Define, construct, maintain and manipulate data in a database. – Enable one or more users create and concurrently access data in a database. – Manage user requests, so that users and programs are free from having to understand where the data is physically located on storage media and who else may also be accessing the data. • The most commonly used DBMS is a relational database management system (RDBMS). Examples: Access, Oracle, DB2 • A standard user and program interface to a DBMS is the Structured Query Language (SQL). Advantages of a DBMS • Data Consistency and Integrity - by controlling access and minimizing data duplication • Application program independence - by storing data in a uniform fashion • Data Sharing (concurrency control) - by controlling access to data items, many users can access data concurrently • Backup and Recovery • Security and Privacy • Multiple views of data Contents of a Database • A Database contains: – – – – User Data Metadata Indexes Applications User Data • End-users work directly with the DBMS by entering, updating and viewing the data. Typically they would use a query language (SQL) • In a relational DB, data will be generally stored in tables with some relationships between tables. • Each table has one or more columns (attributes). • For example, below is a bank account table. Customer ID 1001 1001 1002 1003 1003 1004 1004 Acct Number 9987 9980 8811 4422 4432 3294 5445 Acct Type Checking Savings Savings Checking Savings Savings Checking Date Opened 10/12/1998 10/12/1998 1/5/1999 10/1/2000 12/11/2000 8/22/1997 11/13/1996 Balance 4000.00 2000.00 10000.00 6000.00 9000.00 500.00 800.00 Metadata • Data about data. • Data that describes how user’s data are stored in terms of table name, column name, data type, length, primary keys, etc. • Metadata are typically stored in System tables and are typically only directly accessible by the DBMS or by the system administrator. • For example, the metadata for the bank account table, could be: Indexes • Allow users to access a specific record without having to search through the entire table – For example, indexes would be used to find all customers who opened the account before 01/01/2000. In this case the bank account table is indexed on date opened attribute (see below) • Indexes provide efficient data access on one hand, but are expensive to maintain: Updating data requires an extra step: Index(s) must also be updated. Customer ID 1004 1004 1001 1001 1002 1003 1003 Acct Number 5445 3294 9987 9980 8811 4422 4432 Acct Type Checking Savings Checking Savings Savings Checking Savings Date Opened 11/13/1996 8/22/1997 10/12/1998 10/12/1998 1/5/1999 10/1/2000 12/11/2000 Balance 800.00 500.00 4000.00 2000.00 10000.00 6000.00 9000.00 Forms/Report Generators/Application Programs • Many DBMS have the capability to handle forms (for users to enter/access/update data), reports, and other application components. – Report is an organized representation, designed to be printed, of the information in your tables or queries. You can create a report from a single table or from a query of two or more tables – Query allows you to ask questions of your information. Database management system, such as Microsoft Access would use your questions to generate a subset of he data in your database. – Form is a convenient way to enter or find information in tables. • Applications are various programs written in various languages to access and manipulate the data. Each application is designed for a specific aspect of a given functional area, e.g., payroll application, accounting, etc. Data Modeling and Database Design • Database Schema: The structure of a database that: – Represents data elements, data types, relationships among data elements, and constraints on data – Is independent of any application program – Typically, changes infrequently • Data Model: – A set of primitives for defining the structure of a database. – A set of operations for specifying retrieval, and updates on a database.