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Emerging Networking Technologies and Standards Presented by Khaled Amer e-mail: [email protected] URL: www.amernet.net IEEE OC ComSig Agenda • Introductions and announcements • New Network technologies and standards – IEEE 802 standards • Other networking standards – IEEE 1394 – IETF/ITU standards – Broadband Mobile Systems • Discussions Khaled Amer September 2001 ComTech 2001 Emerging Networking Technologies and Standards 2 Introductions Speaker: Khaled Amer: President and founder of AmerNet Focus on architecture analysis and performance modeling for communications and networking chips and systems Currently chairman of the IEEE 802.17 performance committee Active voting member of several IEEE 802 committees Several publications and papers on network architecture and performance related topics in networks and communication systems Khaled Amer September 2001 ComTech 2001 Emerging Networking Technologies and Standards 3 Announcement: IEEE - OC Workshop EMERGING NETWORK TECHNOLOGIES • One Day Two-Track Workshop • Saturday, March 2nd, 2001 • Place: TBD Khaled Amer September 2001 ComTech 2001 Emerging Networking Technologies and Standards 4 Announcement: IEEE - OC Workshop Presented By THE INSTITUTE OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS Orange County Joint Chapter of the Communications Society & Signal Processing Society (ComSig) Khaled Amer September 2001 ComTech 2001 Emerging Networking Technologies and Standards 5 Announcement: IEEE - OC Workshop • Seven information-packed sessions presented by world leaders in Network technologies • Topics will include: – Two Keynote Speakers • Network Technologies: Speed Bumps and Opportunities by Colin Mick • New Trends in Network Technologies and Markets by Michael Pietrobono Khaled Amer September 2001 ComTech 2001 Emerging Networking Technologies and Standards 6 Announcement: IEEE - OC Workshop – In Depth Sessions On: • • • • • Configurable DSP Technology Network Processors LAN/WAN Convergence with 10 Gigabit Ethernet Resilient Packet Rings for Metropolitan Area Networks Next Generation Broadband-to-Home Gateway Processors For additional details and registration information website: http://www.comsoc.org/comsig Khaled Amer September 2001 ComTech 2001 Emerging Networking Technologies and Standards 7 Agenda • Introductions and announcements • New Network technologies and standards – IEEE 802 standards • Other networking standards – IEEE 1394 – IETF/ITU standards – Broadband Mobile Systems • Discussions Khaled Amer September 2001 ComTech 2001 Emerging Networking Technologies and Standards 8 Examples of New Network Technologies ... • High speed LANs – 1Gbps, 10 Gbps ... • Wireless LANs – 11 Gbps, 55 Mpbs coming soon ... • Wireless PANs – Bluetooth, Bluetooth 2 ... • High speed MANs (Fiber Rings) • Many more ... Khaled Amer September 2001 ComTech 2001 Emerging Networking Technologies and Standards 9 Why Network Standards? • Ensure proper interoperability • Open specification leads to more competition and lower cost to the end-user • Enables mixing and matching between vendor equipment and not being locked up with one vendor Khaled Amer September 2001 ComTech 2001 Emerging Networking Technologies and Standards 10 Examples of Network Standard Organizations • IEEE 802 standards – For LANs and MANs • IEEE 1394 – For transporting video and data • IETF – For the Internet and TCP/IP protocols • ITU – For WANs • Others Khaled Amer September 2001 ComTech 2001 Emerging Networking Technologies and Standards 11 IEEE Standards • Over 40 active IEEE standards working groups covering multiple areas as: – – – – – – Information technology Power and Energy Instrumentation and measurements Power Electronics Electromagnetics Others (All listed at http://grouper.ieee.org/) Khaled Amer September 2001 ComTech 2001 Emerging Networking Technologies and Standards 12 IEEE Stds Board • Encourages and coordinates the development of IEEE standards • Approves initiation of new IEEE • standards projects • Reviews IEEE standards for consensus, process, openness and balance • Gives final approval for IEEE standards Khaled Amer September 2001 ComTech 2001 Emerging Networking Technologies and Standards 13 IEEE 802 Local and Metropolitan Area Network Standards Committee • Accredited by ANSI, Sponsored by IEEE Computer Society • Part of the Information Technology working group area in the IEEE Standards covering standards like: – Ethernet, Token Ring, Wireless LANs, Bluetooth, Bridging, VLAN, Security Khaled Amer September 2001 ComTech 2001 Emerging Networking Technologies and Standards IEEE 802 LAN/MAN Standards Committee (cont.) • Meets three times per year – March, July, November – Participants: about 800 - 1000 individuals • IEEE 802 web site at: – http://www.ieee802.org • Current Chair: – Jim Carlo ([email protected]) Khaled Amer September 2001 ComTech 2001 Emerging Networking Technologies and Standards IEEE 802 Standards Principals • Process – Rules and Procedures • Consensus – Near unanimity • Openness – Everyone has Access to Process – Individuals, World-wide • Balance – Balloting group must include developers and users • Right to Appeal – Both procedural and technical anytime during the process Khaled Amer September 2001 ComTech 2001 Emerging Networking Technologies and Standards IEEE 802 ORGANIZATION LMSC SPONSOR CHAIR Jim Carlo ACTIVE WORKING GROUPS and CHAIRS EXECUTIVE OFFICERS 802.1 BRIDGING/ARCH Tony Jeffries 802.3 CSMA/CD Geoff Thompson 802.11 WIRELESS Stuart Kerry 802.15 WPAN Bob Heile 802.16 BWA Roger Marks 802.17 RPR Mike Takefman Khaled Amer September 2001 VICE CHAIR Paul Nikolich RECORDING SEC Howard Frazier EXECUTIVE SEC Buzz Rigsbee TREASURER Bob Grow ComTech 2001 Emerging Networking Technologies and Standards 17 IEEE 802 Active Working Groups (WG) • • • • • • 802.1 802.3 802.11 802.15 802.16 802.17 Khaled Amer September 2001 LAN protocols infrastructure Ethernet Wireless LANs Wireless Personal Area Networks Wireless Broadband Access Resilient Packet Rings ComTech 2001 Emerging Networking Technologies and Standards 18 IEEE 802 Working Groups in Hibernation • • • • • • • 802.2 802.4 802.5 802.6 802.7 802.10 802.12 Khaled Amer September 2001 LLC TOKEN BUS TOKEN RING DQDB MAN BROADBAND SECURITY DEMAND PRIORITY ComTech 2001 Emerging Networking Technologies and Standards 19 IEEE 802 Disbanded Working Groups • 802.8 • 802.14 Khaled Amer September 2001 FIBER TAG CABLE-TV ComTech 2001 Emerging Networking Technologies and Standards 20 Let’s Get started! Technical Overview of IEEE 802 standards Khaled Amer September 2001 ComTech 2001 Emerging Networking Technologies and Standards 21 IEEE 802.3 (Ethernet) • 802.3 (10 BASE-T) – runs over 2 pairs of Cat-3 UTP copper cabling • 802.3u (Fast Ethernet or 100 BASE-T) – runs over 2 pairs of Cat-5 UTP copper cabling • 802.3z (Gigabit Ethernet or 1000 BASE-X) – runs on fiber Khaled Amer September 2001 ComTech 2001 Emerging Networking Technologies and Standards 22 IEEE 802.3 (Ethernet) ... • 802.3ab (1000 BASE-T) – Gigabit Ethernet over 4 pairs of Cat-5 UTP copper cabling – Standard approved and published (July 99) • 802.3ad (Link Aggregation) – Standard approved and published in March 2000 Khaled Amer September 2001 ComTech 2001 Emerging Networking Technologies and Standards 23 802.3ae (10 G Ethernet) • Intense ‘discussions’ to select speed: – 9.58464 Gbps – 10.00000 Gbps Khaled Amer September 2001 ComTech 2001 Emerging Networking Technologies and Standards 24 802.3ae (cont.) Compromise Decision: Extend the 802.3 protocol to an operating speed of 10 Gb/s and to expand the Ethernet application space to include WAN links. This is to be accomplished by having: One common MAC Two PHYs: A PHY for LANs at 10 Gbps A PHY for WANs at 9.58464 Gbps (compatible with SONET OC-192) Khaled Amer September 2001 ComTech 2001 Emerging Networking Technologies and Standards 25 802.3ae (cont.) Started with17 proposals for PHYs! Distances: 100 m over installed MMF 300 m over MMF 2 km over SMF 10 km over SMF 40 km over SMF Target completion date of 10G standard: March 2002 Khaled Amer September 2001 ComTech 2001 Emerging Networking Technologies and Standards 26 802.3ae (cont.) 10 G Ethernet for the WAN is a VERY significant development: Ethernet becomes available in LAN/MAN/WAN Ethernet tries to achieve what ATM failed Unifying the LAN and WAN environment Opens the door for Ethernet Rings in MANs and WANs along with SONET Rings IEEE 802.17 Khaled Amer September 2001 ComTech 2001 Emerging Networking Technologies and Standards 27 802.3ah (Ethernet in the First Mile) • PAR approved July 2001 to augment the MAC and PHY specifications of IEEE 802.3 (Ethernet) to expand the application of Ethernet to include subscriber access networks • This will provide a significant increase in the performance while minimizing equipment, operation and maintenance costs Khaled Amer September 2001 ComTech 2001 Emerging Networking Technologies and Standards 28 802.11 (WLAN) Overview • Common MAC • Multiple PHYs: – 2.4 GHz frequency hopping spread spectrum • 1 Mbps, 2 Mbps – 2.4 GHz direct sequence spread spectrum • 1 Mbps, 2 Mbps – Infra-red • 1 Mbps, 2 Mbps Khaled Amer September 2001 ComTech 2001 Emerging Networking Technologies and Standards 29 802.11 Overview (cont.) – Higher data rate extension at 2.4 GHz (802.11b) • 11 Mbps (currently available) • 5.5 Mbps fall back rate, as well as 2 & 1 Mbps – Higher data rate extension at 5 GHz (802.11a) • • • • 9-54 Mbps Current draft approved Should be available soon Interoperability and conflicts issues between 802.11a, HIPERLANB2/MMAC Khaled Amer September 2001 ComTech 2001 Emerging Networking Technologies and Standards 30 802.11 Overview (cont.) • • • • Data rates higher than 20 Mbps Interoperable with 802.11b Investigate other performance improvements Selection process to continue at the Jan 2001 interim meeting Khaled Amer September 2001 ComTech 2001 Emerging Networking Technologies and Standards 31 802.11 Market • Available data rates: 1, 2, 11 Mbps • Available for ISA, PCI and PCMCIA cards • Used in laptops, hand held devices, PDAs and desktops • Currently mostly used in vertical markets • Expected to move into more horizontal markets soon Khaled Amer September 2001 ComTech 2001 Emerging Networking Technologies and Standards 32 Future Enhancements to 802.11 • QoS features – Enable streaming for multimedia apps • More security – Encryption – Authentication • Better interoperability • Coexistance with other wireless technologies Khaled Amer September 2001 ComTech 2001 Emerging Networking Technologies and Standards 33 802.15 (Bluetooth for WPAN) Objective to integrate Bluetooth technology into 802 LAN environments Designed to network devices within a Personal Operating Space (POS) like PCs, cell phones, pagers, PDAs, printers, fax machines, digital cameras, speakers and others … Target completion date: Dec 2001 Khaled Amer September 2001 ComTech 2001 Emerging Networking Technologies and Standards 34 802.15 Bluetooth Technology • Wireless link connecting personal devices • Low-cost, short range (0 - 10 meters) personal area networks (PAN) • Initiated by Nokia, Toshiba, Ericsson, Intel and IBM • Currently supported by over 2000 companies • Faces some challenges Khaled Amer September 2001 ComTech 2001 Emerging Networking Technologies and Standards 35 802.15 Bluetooth Technology (cont.) • Intended to have lower cost, smaller size and less power than 802.11 devices • Effective power management reduces power consumption to 20 mW or less • Uses frequency hopping spread spectrum – 1600 hops/sec • Operates at 2.4 GHz Khaled Amer September 2001 ComTech 2001 Emerging Networking Technologies and Standards 36 802.15 Bluetooth Technology (cont.) • Gross data rate 19.2 - 100 Kbps • Can support up to 1 Mbps • Supports asynchronous transmission as well as up to three simultaneous synchronous voice channels • Security features – Encryption and authentication Khaled Amer September 2001 ComTech 2001 Emerging Networking Technologies and Standards 37 Proposed High Rate 802.15 • Suggestions for BW to be at least 20 Mbps to satisfy some of the MM requirements • PHY adopted in Nov 2000 operating at 2.4 GHz • Significant interest in having PHY at 5 GHz – An option to be further investigated • Objective to complete standard early in 2002 Khaled Amer September 2001 ComTech 2001 Emerging Networking Technologies and Standards 38 Proposed High Rate 802.15 ... • Discussions to provide location awareness: Purpose is to improve usability of portable devices Ability to identify relative location of one transceiver with respect to another Would help to locate, identify, and discriminate among users in crowded environments Provisions must be made to propagate location information to higher layers of the stack Khaled Amer September 2001 ComTech 2001 Emerging Networking Technologies and Standards 39 Suggestions for Low Rate 802.15 • PAR approved by WG in Nov 2000 • Intended for monitoring devices that send signals periodically (e.g.. every second) Khaled Amer September 2001 ComTech 2001 Emerging Networking Technologies and Standards 40 802.16 Overview PHY and MAC of single-point-to-multipoint broadband wireless access system Enables transport of data, video and voice Applies to systems operating in the vicinity of 30 GHz Also broadly applicable to systems operating between 10 and 66 GHz Khaled Amer September 2001 ComTech 2001 Emerging Networking Technologies and Standards 41 802.16 market Wireless technology that offers services similar to wired broadband access technologies like: DSL Digital cable TV ISDN Aggregated telephony-oriented connections (e.g.. T1, E1, ISDN, etc.) Not meant to focus on low throughput voice-based access systems such as cellular or digital mobile telephone systems Khaled Amer September 2001 ComTech 2001 Emerging Networking Technologies and Standards 42 Wireless Network Positioning Mobility Vehicle WWAN Outdoors Walk WMAN Fixed Premise WPAN Indoors WLAN Office 0.5 Khaled Amer September 2001 2 20 ComTech 2001 Emerging Networking Technologies and Standards 155 Mb/s 43 802.17 Overview • New 802 Project approved by IEEE Standards Board Dec. 2000 as IEEE 802.17 Resilient Packet Ring WG • Packet Ring Access Protocol for use in Local, Metropolitan and Wide Area Networks • Transfer of packets at rates scalable to many gigabits per second. • Will use existing Physical Layer specifications and may develop new PHYs where appropriate. Khaled Amer September 2001 ComTech 2001 Emerging Networking Technologies and Standards 44 802.17 Overview (cont.) • • • • • • For LANs, MANs and WANs Dual counter rotating rings Very high speed (10G and maybe higher) Fault tolerant (resiliency feature) Allows data, video, multimedia … etc. Tentative target completion date: YE 2002 Khaled Amer September 2001 ComTech 2001 Emerging Networking Technologies and Standards 45 Resilient Packet Rings (RPR) RPR Ring Khaled Amer September 2001 ComTech 2001 Emerging Networking Technologies and Standards 46 What is an RPR • Dual Counter Rotating Rings – Both rings carry traffic all of the time • Media Independence – Scalable in bit-rate, # nodes, span distance – OC-48c & OC-192c SONET/SDH – 1Gb/s & 10 Gb/s Ethernet • Destination Stripping of variable length uni-cast packets – Spatial re-use increases BW efficiency of ring Khaled Amer September 2001 ComTech 2001 Emerging Networking Technologies and Standards 47 What is an RPR (cont.) • Distributed Bandwidth Management & Congestion Control • Protection Mechanism – Achieve sub 50 ms. Protection • Class Of Service capability • Plug and Play • Support of large MTU (9216 Bytes) is being investigated Khaled Amer September 2001 ComTech 2001 Emerging Networking Technologies and Standards 48 Overview of some other Network Standards Khaled Amer September 2001 ComTech 2001 Emerging Networking Technologies and Standards 49 What is IEEE 1394? • A feature-rich serial interface capable of high data transfer rates • Being positioned to become the convergence connection. • A universal interconnect, capable of connecting computer peripherals and consumer A/V devices • Sometimes referred to as Firewire Khaled Amer September 2001 ComTech 2001 Emerging Networking Technologies and Standards 50 Goals of IEEE 1394 • Low cost, high performance peripheral bus • Capable of transferring: – Asynchronous streams (for data) – Isochronous streams (for audio/video) • Support computer and consumer electronics systems Khaled Amer September 2001 ComTech 2001 Emerging Networking Technologies and Standards 51 1394 Today • 1394 Trade Association has over 100 members representing S/W, silicon, peripherals, systems, CE. • 1394 products available now: – Consumer Electronics (CE): • camcorders, digital VCRs, monitor-top cameras – Computing • Host adapters, capture cards, digital video cards Khaled Amer September 2001 ComTech 2001 Emerging Networking Technologies and Standards 52 1394 Applications • • • • • • • Video editing and presentation Digital Video applications Desktop publishing Document imaging Games and home multimedia High speed interconnect for digital devices Isochronous connection for computer, consumer and peripheral applications Khaled Amer September 2001 ComTech 2001 Emerging Networking Technologies and Standards 53 IEEE 1394 Solution DVD/CD ROM Camcorder DVCR REC REW FF STOP HDD VHS Printer DVD Movie REC REW FF STOP Computer VHS Set-top box Service DTV Stereo Khaled Amer September 2001 ComTech 2001 Emerging Networking Technologies and Standards Scanner Camera 54 Isochronous vs. Asynchronous Isochronous Asynchronous – Occurs on regular boundaries (125us) – Are unacknowledged – Occur “just in time” – Broadcast to all channels – Have BW reserved – Guaranteed timing – Never retry Late data is useless – Occurs on a “First come, first served” basis – Are acknowledged – Occurs “as fast as possible” – Are addressed explicitly – Use available BW – Guaranteed delivery – Reliability of data transfer Khaled Amer September 2001 (Retries are OK) ComTech 2001 Emerging Networking Technologies and Standards 55 IETF Standards • IETF - Internet Engineering Task Force • Establish standards for the Internet • Lots of Enhancements to TCP/IP to accommodate the Internet explosion • Activities grouped into working areas, each having several working groups • Info available at www.ietf.org Khaled Amer September 2001 ComTech 2001 Emerging Networking Technologies and Standards 56 IETF Standards ... • Examples of IETF Working Areas: – – – – – – Internet area Applications area Transport area Security area Operations and Management area Routing area Khaled Amer September 2001 ComTech 2001 Emerging Networking Technologies and Standards 57 IETF Standards ... • Examples of working groups in an area like the Transport area: – – – – – – Diff Serv IP telephony Audio/Video transport Integrated services RSVP Others Khaled Amer September 2001 ComTech 2001 Emerging Networking Technologies and Standards 58 ITU Standards • Audiovisual services on various networks – H.32x family • Video Codecs for audiovisual services – H.261 (video coding for higher bit rates – H.263 (video coding for low bit rates) • Frame structure for video across networks – H.221 Khaled Amer September 2001 ComTech 2001 Emerging Networking Technologies and Standards 59 H.32x Family of specifications • Operate truly as a family • Each recognizes the other members • Designed to inter-operate together and provide similar functionality Khaled Amer September 2001 ComTech 2001 Emerging Networking Technologies and Standards 60 H.32x (cont.) • H.320 – Audio/video on ISDN • H.321 – Audio/video on private ATM networks • H.322 – Audio/video on LANs which provide a guaranteed QoS (e.g.. ISO-Ethernet aka. 802.9) Khaled Amer September 2001 ComTech 2001 Emerging Networking Technologies and Standards 61 H.32x (cont.) • H.323 – Audiovisual on LANs with no guaranteed QoS – Designed to work with several protocols from the IETF • Uses UDP for audio and video • Uses TCP for data conferencing, conference control and signaling Khaled Amer September 2001 ComTech 2001 Emerging Networking Technologies and Standards 62 Other Technologies and Standards • • • • • • DSL Cable Modem Broadband Mobile Systems Other wireless broadband technologies Fibre Channel SAN and NAS (network attached storage) Khaled Amer September 2001 ComTech 2001 Emerging Networking Technologies and Standards 63 CDMA Technologies • • • • • Example of a Broadband Mobile system CDMA: Code Division Multiple Access Uses Spread Spectrum technology at 1.25 MHz Data rates from 144 Kbps to 2 Mbps Higher voice quality and support for QoS Khaled Amer September 2001 ComTech 2001 Emerging Networking Technologies and Standards 64 So … What’s ahead? In the next few years we’ll be laughing at the dark ages of the 20th century!!! Khaled Amer September 2001 ComTech 2001 Emerging Networking Technologies and Standards 65 Some Informative Web Sites • • • • • • • http://www.ieee802.org http://www.wirelessethernet.com http://www.bluetooth.com http://www.ietf.org http://grouper.ieee.org/groups/index.html http://www.1394ta.org/ http://www.zayante.com/html/IEEEinfo/IEEEcom.html (For IEEE 1394 standard) • http://www.ansi.org/ Khaled Amer September 2001 ComTech 2001 Emerging Networking Technologies and Standards 66 Discussions Khaled Amer September 2001 ComTech 2001 Emerging Networking Technologies and Standards 67 For More Information Contact AmerNet • Phone Number (949) 552-1114 • Web site: www.amernet.net • E-mail address [email protected] Khaled Amer September 2001 ComTech 2001 Emerging Networking Technologies and Standards 68