Download Ancient Greece & Rome

Greece’s Geography
• Greece is a
peninsula
• Mountainous lands
• Water is best
natural resource
they have, used for
fishing and trade
1) Which age range is the highest for women?
HOT Question: Can you predict the outcome if there were
less medicine available in Greece?
• The Greek Empire was
centered around the
Mediterranean Sea
• It was made of many
city-states, most famous
being Sparta and Athens
• City-states are cities as
well as independent
nations (make their own
decisions on laws)
Athens
v.
Sparta
-City was dirty and ugly
-City was clean and beautiful
-Education was based on
military skills
-Citizenship was free
-both were in
Ancient Greece
-Courts were run by juries
-Citizenship was strict
-both used slaves (only certain types of people)
-Education was based on
mental and thinking skills
-Culture included arts and
lots of theater
-slaves were not
considered
citizens
-Judges were kings
-Culture lacked art and was
based on a military theme
HOT Question: What choice would you have made if you lived in
Ancient Greece and were asked to choose between living in Athens
or Sparta? Use the Venn Diagram for support.
Learning and the Arts
• Literature: Ancient Greeks created myths and
wrote poems and plays that honored their Gods
• Philosophy: Ancient Greece was the birthplace
of some of the finest thinkers including
Socrates, Plato, and Artistotle
Vocab Check! Philosopher: A person who studies
and thinks about why the world is the way it is.
**Draw a picture in the blank on your notes that
will help you remember what a philosopher is**
Alexander the Great
• Son of King Phillip of
Macedonia (located in
Southern Europe)
• Set out to conquer the
world
• Moved Greek ideas and
culture to conquered lands:
Persia (now Iran), parts of
India, and parts of Egypt
-Empire fell apart when he
died on his trip home at 33.
Alexander’s Conquered Land
Greece’s Influence
• Working for the good of an individual/family
rather than society as a whole
• Democracy! Letting the people vote on laws
and actions
• Art portraying the human form, gods being
portrayed as human-like figures
• Using science to explain the world, rather than
myths and legend
HOT Question
• Would it be better if all of the Greek
Empire was united under 1 emperor
(leader) with final say on laws and
decisions or was it run best by having
individual city-states with local
control? Consider our own country in
your response.
Writing Activity!
• On a loose leaf piece of paper that Ms. B will
collect:
– Write a journal entry as if you are a citizen
of Ancient Greece. Your entry will describe
the everyday life of a man, woman, or child
in Ancient Greece. Provide details of what
they would eat, do for work, and everyday
responsibilities.
**USE YOUR NOTES, THE VIDEO, and YOUR
TEXTBOOK (Pg 72) FOR REFERENCES!**
Ancient Rome
• The Greek Empire was conquered by Rome,
who added even more land to the empire
Ancient Rome: The Beginning
• Settled on the
banks of the
Tiber River
• Settlers herded
sheep, grew
wheat, olives,
and grapes
Government
• Republic: power belongs to the citizens who
elect representatives (sound familiar?)
• The Senate: elect 2 leaders to head the
government and military
• Patricians: members of wealthy, landowning
families. Often became judges.
• Plebeians: an average working male citizen who
could vote but not hold office
Why Rome was Successful
• Laws created by
elected officials (just
like our democracy)
• Had a strong army that
conquered many
peoples and land
• Had a “great” leader,
Julius Caesar!
Julius Casaer
• Famous Roman general
• Casaer was smart, wellspoken, and liked by all
• Became leader of Rome
with popularity & power
• Reduced slavery, gave
land to the poor, and
created the calendar we
still use today
• Refused to step down
as dictator and was
murdered by
Senators who fears
his powers
• Stabbed to death by
Senate, but Rome
was no longer a
Republic (ran by
elected officials)
• His death sparked a
civil war
Julius Casaer
Pax Romana
• Civil wars ended with Casaer’s nephew,
Octavian (aka Augustus) as Emperor
• He led for 200 years of peace and growth as
“Pax Romana” meaning “Roman Peace”
• The empire grew to include 70 million people
• Romans invented concrete roads to transport
armies around the massive empire
The Augustan Age
• Pax Romana led to
cultural growth
• Architects and
engineers built new
buildings and roads
• Trade increased
• Great Roman
literature was written
Rise of Christianity
• Christianity grew in the
Middle East and took hold
in the Mediterranean
world
• It spread along trade
routes on land and sea
(movement of ideas!)
• Constantine was the first
Roman emperor to convert
to Christianity
The Fall of the Roman Empire
• Germans attacked the Northern border & won the
Western Roman Empire (current Middle East)
• 1,000 years after the Germans won the Western
empire, the Eastern empire fell during the Crusades
• 476 C.E. the last emperor, Romulus, was overthrown
by a German ruler, Odoacer