Download Identifying Potential Donors

Donate Life:
An Overview of Organ, Tissue and Eye Donation
University of Wisconsin
Organ and Tissue Donation
YesIWillWisconsin.com
Why is donation so important?
YesIWillWisconsin.com
The Numbers Speak for Themselves
•
More than 118,500 people in the United States are waiting for an organ
transplant, thousands more are in need of tissue or cornea transplants as well
• More than 1,812 of the people listed are children who are waiting for organs
• Every 11 minutes another name is added to the organ transplant waiting list
• 19 people die every day on the organ transplant waiting list
Organ Transplant Waiting List:
Type of Transplant
Kidney
Liver
Heart
Kidney-pancreas
Lung
Pancreas
Intestines
Heart-lung
Total patients
# of Patients Waiting in the U.S.
96,806
15,776
3,533
2,063
1,667
1,188
259
44
118,596
In Wisconsin
1,812
247
58
51
34
13
1
0
2,168
Source: Organ Procurement and Transplant Network. Updated 7/26/2013
Together we can
save people like
Tyler, who is a
thankful double
lung recipient.
Transplanted at age
16, he recently
graduated from high
school. Tyler is
doing great!
Organ Donation Challenges:
Donors, Transplants and Patients Waiting
We need to
close this
gap!
*Data based on snapshot of the UNOS, OPTN waiting list and transplants on the last day of each year.
Why are we learning this in driver’s
education class?
YesIWillWisconsin.com
Kelly Nachreiner Law (Wisconsin Act 124)
• Signed by Governor Tommy Thompson on
May 9, 2000
• Requires all driver’s education programs in
Wisconsin to give at least thirty minutes of
instruction on organ and tissue donation
• The law was the first of its kind in the U.S.
There are now more than 12 other similar
educational mandates
Kelly Nachreiner, Sauk City, WI
Organ donor on January 4, 2000
YesIWillWisconsin.com
What organs can be donated?
YesIWillWisconsin.com
Organs that can be donated:
Kidneys
Liver
We have two kidneys, which can be
given to two different recipients for
conditions such as:
• End stage renal disease
• Diabetes with renal disease
• High blood pressure
• Polycystic kidney disease
For conditions such as:
• Hepatitis A,B,C
• Cirrhosis (alcohol, medications)
• Biliary Disease
• Metabolic
• Neoplasms
Heart
Lungs
For conditions such as:
• Cardiomyopathy
• Coronary artery disease
• Congenital heart disease
• Valvular heart diseases
For conditions such as:
• Emphysema/COPD
• Cystic fibrosis
• Pulmonary fibrosis
• Primary pulmonary
hypertension
• Congenital defects
Isolated Pancreas
• Diabetes Type I without renal
disease
• Hypoglycemic unawareness
• Pancreas after kidney
transplant
Kidney and Pancreas
• Diabetes Type I with end-stage renal disease
Small Intestines
For conditions such as:
• Short gut syndrome
• Severe vascular disease
• Frequently transplanted in
children
What tissues can be donated?
YesIWillWisconsin.com
Tissue Donation
• Skin
• Bone
• Connective tissue
(ligaments & tendons)
• Heart valves
• Veins
• Corneas
Approximately 1 million tissue
transplants are performed in
the US each year.
Eye Donation
• Cornea transplants become necessary when the cornea becomes cloudy
or damaged due to disease, injury or hereditary conditions
• Other eye tissue can be used for transplant, research and/or education
• Almost anyone can be an eye donor, even patients with poor eyesight,
those who wear glasses or contacts and patients with diseases like
diabetes and cancer
• More than 45,000 cornea transplant surgeries are performed each year in
the U.S.
The difference between organ donation
and tissue/eye donation
Organ Donation
Tissue/Eye Donation
• The patient must be in a
hospital on a ventilator
• The organs must be
properly preserved and
transplanted quickly
• This is a life-saving
procedure
• Occurs in the first 24
hours after the heart has
stopped beating
• The tissues can be
preserved and used at a
later date
• This is a life-enhancing
procedure
YesIWillWisconsin.com
Transporting Organs
• Organs must be recovered and transplanted into the recipient very
quickly. The time from organ recovery to transplant is the organ
preservation time. Maximum times are:
•
Heart: 4 to 6 hours
• Lungs: 4 to 6 hours
• Liver: 12 hours
• Pancreas: 12 to 18 hours
• Kidneys: 72 hours
• Small Intestines: 4 to 6 hours
• Both cars and airplanes are used to transport organs from the donor
hospital to the transplant center.
Through organ, eye and tissue donation...
1 person can:
Save up to 8 lives (organ donation)
Improve more than 50 lives (tissue and eye
donation)
YesIWillWisconsin.com
Common Questions about Donation
YesIWillWisconsin.com
Who can be a donor?
• Anyone can sign up/register
• People should base their decision on how they feel about
donation.
• Pre-existing medical conditions won’t necessarily exclude
anyone from being a donor
• People of all ages should make their decision and let the
medical professionals determine if they’re eligible at the time
of their death
YesIWillWisconsin.com
Will the doctors do everything they can to try and
save me if they know my wishes to be a donor?
Yes.
• Donation is only considered after all efforts to save a patient’s
life have been exhausted by the medical team
• The organ, tissue and eye recovery professionals are a separate
team of people from the medical team that is treating the
patient. This ensures that there is no conflict of interest
• Organ, tissue and eye recovery only occurs after death has
been declared
YesIWillWisconsin.com
How does religion relate to donation?
• The majority of religions support donation and view
organ and tissue donation as a charitable act
• If you or your family has questions, you should talk
to your religious leader about donation
YesIWillWisconsin.com
Will donation disfigure the body?
No.
• Open casket funerals can occur following donation
• Organs are removed through a surgical procedure, in an
operating room
• Areas where tissue donation occurs are reconstructed and
can be concealed by clothing
YesIWillWisconsin.com
Does donation cost a family money?
No.
• Each recovering agency pays for all expenses associated
with the donation process
• Those costs are passed on to the recipients and their
insurance companies
• The donor’s family is responsible for the funeral expenses
YesIWillWisconsin.com
Will donation cause any delays with
funeral arrangements?
No.
• The recovering agency will make certain the donor’s body
is released to the funeral home on time
• No extra planning is required by families of organ, tissue
and eye donors
YesIWillWisconsin.com
Can you pay to get an organ?
No.
Organ allocation is strictly regulated by the federal government. Donated
organs are matched to the recipients according to these criteria:
• Blood type
• Medical urgency
• Tissue match
• Waiting time
• Organ size
• Immune status
• Geographic distance
YesIWillWisconsin.com
Will the organs be transplanted locally?
Yes, if:
•
•
•
There are local recipients who match the organ
There are no status one* patients in our region. (This rule applies to livers
only.)
There are no wait list patients in the U.S. who are a perfect tissue type match.
(This rule applies to kidneys only.)
Approximately 85-90 percent of all organs donated in the our state are
used for transplants here in Wisconsin
* A status one liver transplant candidate is the most medically urgent patient on the list
and is likely to die within one week without a transplant.
YesIWillWisconsin.com
Can the donor family and recipients
meet each other?
Yes.
• Initial contact is coordinated by the recovery organization,
due to federal privacy regulations
• All recipients are encouraged to write to their donor families
• Meetings can be arranged if both parties sign a consent/
release of information form
YesIWillWisconsin.com
Who will decide if I become a donor?
Your legal next of kin.
If a person’s donation decision isn’t documented (such as being on the Donor
Registry), the legal next of kin hierarchy is the order in which consent for
donation is pursued:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Healthcare Agent
Spouse
Adult Children
Parents
Adult Siblings
Adult Grandchildren
Grandparents
An adult who exhibited special care &
concern
Legal Guardian
Coroner or Medical Examiner
YesIWillWisconsin.com
What is the Wisconsin Donor Registry?
•
Launched on March 29, 2010, the registry allows anyone
with a Wisconsin Driver’s License or State ID card to legally
register to become a donor online at any time at:
YesIWillWisconsin.com
•
Registering to be a donor now is legally binding and cannot
be overruled at the time of your death by a family member
or legal next of kin if you are over the age of 18.
YesIWillWisconsin.com
What if I already have an orange DONOR dot?
•
•
•
Even if someone already has an orange DONOR dot on their license – if
their last license was issued or renewed before March 29, 2010 – they
still need to visit the registry website once in order to be entered into
the new Wisconsin Donor Registry
Each time you sign up for a new license/ID card or renew your existing
license/ID card – you need to continue to answer YES to the donation
question on the application form in order to remain on the Wisconsin
Donor Registry
If you decide later that you want to remove yourself from the registry –
you can do so online at the same website.
YesIWillWisconsin.com
Why is it so important to register?
5%
Less than 5% of people die in a hospital
on a ventilator in a manner which
allows for the potential of organ
donation.
But, a much higher percentage of
people could still become tissue and/or
eye donors, even if organ donation is
no longer an option.
You can make a difference
•
•
56.4% of Wisconsinites have
said “Yes” to the donation
question
Register and encourage your
friends and family to register
and save lives
What should I do now?
The Three D’s:
1.
2.
3.
Decide
Take action and sign up to be a donor at any time by going to:
YesIWillWisconsin.com and clicking on the orange DONATE button. You
can also sign-up to be a donor at the DMV office where you get your
license.
Document
Make sure that your decision is legally recorded on the Donor Registry
Discuss
Talk to your family about your decision to be a donor – until you turn 18
– your family can overrule your donation decision.
YesIWillWisconsin.com
What you do makes a difference…
...and lives are changed forever.