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Download science olympiad fossil nov 17
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Fossils November 17 Genus Lingula • • • • • • • Kingdom Animalia Phylum Brachiopoda Class Inarticulata Cretaceous (Mesozoic) “tailed mussel” Filter feeder Burrows in the sand Genus Atrypa • • • • Kingdom Animalia Phylum Brachiopoda Class Articulata Shells are round, egg shaped covered with many radial ridges • Silurian/Devonion (Paleozoic) Genus Composita • • • • Kingdom Animalia Phylum Brachiopoda Class Articulata Devonion to Permian (end of Paleozoic) • Smooth shell • Rounded folds Genus Juresania • • • • Kingdom Animalia Phylum Brachiopoda Class Articulata Pennsylvanian to Permian (end of Paleozoic) • Suspension feeder • Fold and sulcus (groove) • Fine lines between Genus Leptaena • • • • Kingdom Animalia Phylum Brachiopoda Class Articulata Ordovician to Devonion (Paleozoic) • Wrinkled ornamentation and fine linear markings Genus Mucrospirifer • • • • • • • Kingdom Animalia Phylum Brachiopoda Class Articulata “winged” brachiopods Butterfly shell Filter feeders Devonion (Paleozoic) Genus Platystrophia • • • • Kingdom Animalia Phylum Brachiopoda Class Articulata Ordovician to Silurian (Paleozoic) • Prominent sulcus and fold • Marine lime mud and sands • “lamp shells” Genus Rafinesquina • • • • Kingdom Animalia Phylum Brachiopoda Class Articulata U-shaped and wide around the hinge • Ordovician (Paleozoic) • Filter feeder • Muddy sand or silt Order Rhynchonellida • • • • Kingdom Animalia Phylum Brachiopoda Class Articulata Strongly ribbed wedgeshaped or nut-like shells • Can extend their lophophore out for better feeding • Ordovician through Mesozoic Genus Exogyra • • • • • Kingdom Animalia Phylum Mollusca Class Bivalvia Saltwater oysters Beak curved to one side Genus Gryphaea • • • • • Kingdom Animalia Phylum Mollusca Class Bivalvia Devil’s toe nails Triassic to tertiary (mesozoic) • Two articulated valveslarge shell and flattened smaller shell (lid) Genus Pecten • • • • Kingdom Animalia Phylum Mollusca Class Bivalvia Looks like a comb or rake • Saltwater clams • Cretaceous to quarternary • Found all over the world Genus Pholadomya • • • • • Kingdom Animalia Phylum Mollusca Class Bivalvia Saltwater clams mesozoic Subclass Ammonoidea • • • • • Kingdom Animalia Phylum Mollusca Class Cephalopoda Devonion to Cretaceous Excellent index fossilsspecific species found in rock layers Genus Baculites • • • • • • Kingdom Animalia Phylum Mollusca Class Cephalopoda Subclass Ammonoidea “walking stick rock” Cretaceous Genus Dactylioceras • • • • • Kingdom Animalia Phylum Mollusca Class Cephalopoda Subclass Ammonoidea Jurassic-good index fossil • Shell’s branching ribs that incline forward • Died with dinosaurs • Small in size Order Belemnitida • • • • • • • Kingdom Animalia Phylum Mollusca Class Cephalopoda Subclass Coleoidea Mesozoic Squid-like Hooks for catching prey Genus Nautilus • • • • • Kingdom Animalia Phylum Mollusca Class Cephalopoda Subclass Nautiloidea Eocene Genus Orthoceras • • • • • • • Kingdom Animalia Phylum Mollusca Class Cephalopoda Subclass Nautiloidea Often in limestone Ordovician Grew to 15 cm and ate small animals • Look like baculites but existed before them Genus Conus • • • • Kingdom Animalia Phylum Mollusca Class Gastropoda Predatory sea snails or cone snails • First appear in cretaceous Genus Cypraea • • • • Kingdom Animalia Phylum Mollusca Class Gastropoda Sea snails Genus Platyceras • • • • • Kingdom Animalia Phylum Mollusca Class Gastropoda Paleozoic sea snails Had a symbiotic relationship with crinoids Genus Turrietella • • • • • Kingdom Animalia Phylum Mollusca Class Gastropoda Tightly coiled shells Cretaceous to today Genus Worthenia • • • • • Kingdom Animalia Phylum Mollusca Class Gastropoda Devonian to triassic Turban shaped shell Class Asteroidea • • • • • Kingdom Animalia Phylum Echinodermata Starfish or sea stars Since ordovician predators Genus Pentremites • • • • • Kingdom Animalia Phylum Echinodermata Class Blastoidea Carboniferous Related to sea lillies (crinoids) • Trapped food floating in current using tentacles • Anchored to sea floor Class Crinoidea • • • • Kingdom Animalia Phylum Echinodermata Stems, columns, calyxes Date back to mid paleozoic • Attach to sea floor Class Echinoidea • Kingdom Animalia • Phylum Echinodermata • Sea urchins, sand dollars • Mouth has 5 teeth arranged in circle (Aristotle’s lantern) • Since ordovician Class Ophiuroidea • • • • • • Kingdom Animalia Phylum Echinodermata Brittle stars 5 arms Since ordovician Scavengers, detritus feeders and can prey on small animals
