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Mesopotamia Mr. Pentzak Level One Humanities Fall 2013 Pre-Test What does “Mesopotamia” mean? Name two natural boundaries of Mesopotamia. Where is Mesopotamia? Name one of the major gods of Mesopotamia. Name at least one civilization that ruled in Mesopotamia. Name one invention of the Sumerians we still use today. What is the Epic of Gilgamesh? What is a ziggurat? Bell Ringer #14 Take out a sheet of paper Number it 1-12 (skip AT LEAST TWO LINES in between each number) Write “Quick Summary of the Epic of Gilgamesh” on the top line On each numbered line write “Tablet # (whatever number you are on)” Example below: 1. Tablet #1 2. Tablet #2 3. Tablet #3 Sit with your group members Take out your scripts, macbooks, and a writing utensil You will have twenty five minutes to wrap up your skits, rehearse and make props (ONLY IF YOUR SCRIPTS ARE COMPLETE) Directions-Reflection Sheet Write YOUR NAME on the slip of paper I hand you Write each of your team members’ name on the lines provided Rate them 0-3 and fill in any comments you have. Flip your slip over and answer the short response question on the back. Sample response: “Based on the text, I can infer that in ancient Mesopotamia they valued character trait, character trait, character trait because Gilgamesh/Enkidu… or “Women were described as… while men were described as… Based on this, Mesopotamia was probably matriarchal/patriarchal” Bell Ringer #15 Give me the basic PLOT (First, Next, Then, Last) of the Epic of Gilgamesh Describe story the main characters of the Bell Ringer #16 10/20 & 10/21 What did Mesopotamians build their houses out of? Why? What our houses made out of in the United States? Why? Homework: Vocab List One Define the following words using a dictionary or online resource. These MUST BE HAND WRITTEN in order to receive credit Fertile Irrigation Silt Ziggurat Scribe Monotheism Polytheism City-state Alliance Arid Problem Based Learning Question Look around the room. Select one object. Measure it with a ruler and record it’s dimensions (height, width, depth) In your mind, clone it infinitely. How many of those objects would you need in order to construct a home that was ten feet tall, ten feet wide, and ten feet deep? Bell Ringer #17 10/22 & 10/23 Explain the process/steps of making a mud brick using the PLOT formula Include AT LEAST five adjectives! Imagine yourself in ancient Mesopotamia. What do you think the life of a brick maker was like? Is it a job you would want to have? Why or why not? Vocab List One: Standardized Definitions Fertile- producing or capable of producing abundant vegetation or crops Irrigation-a system of supplying land with water by means of artificial canals, ditches, etc., esp. to promote the growth of food crops Silt-fine sand, clay, or other material carried by running water and deposited as a sediment Ziggurat-a rectangular stepped tower, sometimes surmounted by a temple Scribe-a person who copies out documents, especially one employed to do this before printing was invented Monotheism- the belief in one god Polytheism- the belief in many gods City-state-a city that with its surrounding territory forms an independent state Alliance-a union between people, groups, countries, etc. : a relationship in which people agree to work together Arid-(of land or a climate) having little or no rain; too dry or barren to support vegetation Cornell Notes (Topic on top line) Name Date CUE COLUMN NOTES Fill this section in after you are finished taking notes. Here is where you write brief notes Use abbreviations Use key words, main ideas, or sub topics to give you clues about what you wrote down. Draw yourself pictures Invent your own shortcuts, don’t focus on writing the entire slide word for word When you study, cover up your notes and try to recall info only from the ideas in the Cue Column Skip a line between new ideas or topics to keep information seperated. Summary of the entire lesson goes here (Leave the last 5-7 Lines of your paper for this section). Mesopotamia Means “Between the Rivers” Tigris & Euphrates A region, not a country! Controlled by various societies/civilizations over time. Sumerians, Babylonians, Assyrians, Persians, Greeks, Romans, etc. Geography Natural Boundaries: -Zagros Mnts. -Taurus Mnts. -Persian Gulf -Mediterranean Sea -Red Sea -Arabian & Syrian Desert Isolated Fertile flood plain Fertile Crescent “Fertile Crescent”- A boomerang shaped region in the middle east The first civilizations begin here Arid= (of land or a climate) having little or no rain; too dry or barren to support vegetation Annual flooding of Tigris and Euphrates deposits silt Silt= fine sand, clay, or other material carried by running water and deposited as a sediment Rise of Civilization Agriculture develops about 10,000 years ago Hunter-Gatherers previously! Neolithic farmers settle in Fertile Crescent around 6000 BCE Agriculture becomes increasingly complex which in turn makes society more complex Villages → Towns → Cities → City-States Division of labor & specialization (jobs), surplus! Sumerians Settle in the region around 5000 BCE A distinct and flourishing culture emerges Later civilizations will borrow heavily from them Develop irrigation= a system of supplying land with water by means of artificial canals, ditches, etc., esp. to promote the growth of food crops Inventions: plow, wheeled vehicles, sailboat, mathematics, astronomy, the arch, writing, potter’s wheel, and the frying pan Bring us out of Neolithic age, Bronze Age! (c. 3100 BCE) Iron will replace bronze c. 1200 BCE Sargon the Great Akkadian (North of Sumer, South of Assur) Conquers most of Mesopotamia First Empire Ruled c. 2334 BCE – 2279 BCE Subsequent kings tried to emulate Cultural blending as empire spreads Babylon Babylon Possibly built by Sargon the Great Major political, cultural, and religious center of Mesopotamia Highly prized-attacked often Tower of Babel, Hanging Gardens City Life Ur & Uruk First cities Walled Mud brick cities Narrow, crowded streets Buildings several stories high Ziggurat in center of town
