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14
Management:
Principles and
Practices
Griffin
© 2010 South-Western, Cengage Learning, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Student Version
PowerPoint Presentation by Charlie Cook
The University of West Alabama
The Interpersonal Nature
of Organizations
• Interpersonal Dynamics
 Positive

When two parties know each other,
have mutual respect and affection,
and enjoy interacting with
one another.
 Negative

When two parties dislike one another,
do not have mutual respect, and do
not enjoy interacting with one another.
© 2010 South-Western, Cengage Learning, Inc. All rights reserved.
14–2
The Interpersonal Nature
of Organizations (cont’d)
Outcomes of Interpersonal Behaviors
Satisfaction of
social needs
Social
support
© 2010 South-Western, Cengage Learning, Inc. All rights reserved.
Source of
organizational
synergy
Source of
conflict
14–3
Communication and the Manager’s Job
• Communication
 The process of transmitting information from one
person to another.
• Effective Communication
 The process of sending a message in such a way that
the message received is as close in meaning as
possible to the message intended.
© 2010 South-Western, Cengage Learning, Inc. All rights reserved.
14–4
Interpersonal Communication
• Oral communication

Face-to-face conversations, group discussions, telephone
calls, and other situations in which the spoken work is used
to express meaning.
• Advantages
 Promotes prompt feedback
and interchange in the form
of verbal questions and
responses.
 Is easy to use and can be
done with little preparation.
© 2010 South-Western, Cengage Learning, Inc. All rights reserved.
• Disadvantages
 Suffers from problems
with inaccuracy in
meaning and details.
 Leaves no time for
thought and consideration
and no permanent record
of what was said.
14–5
Interpersonal Communication (cont’d)
• Written Communication
 Memos, letters, reports, notes, and other methods in
which the written word is used to transmit meaning.
 Advantages



Is accurate and leaves a permanent record of the exchange.
Leaves for thought and consideration, can be referenced.
Is easy to use and can be done with little preparation.
 Disadvantages


Inhibits feedback and interchange due to burden of
the process of preparing a physical document.
Considerable delay can occur in clarifying message
meanings.
© 2010 South-Western, Cengage Learning, Inc. All rights reserved.
14–6
Communication in Networks
and Work Teams
• Communication network
 The pattern through which the members of a group or
team communicate.
 Research suggests:

When the group’s task is simple and routine, centralized
networks perform with the greatest efficiency and accuracy.

When the group’s task is complex and nonroutine,
decentralized networks with open communications that foster
interaction and exchange of relevant information tend to be
most effective.
© 2010 South-Western, Cengage Learning, Inc. All rights reserved.
14–7
Organizational Communication
• Formal Communications
 Follow the official reporting relationships between
managers and subordinates and/or prescribed
channels
 May involve several levels of the organization.
• Communication Pathways
 Upward communication
 Downward communication
 Horizontal communication
© 2010 South-Western, Cengage Learning, Inc. All rights reserved.
14–8
Communication in Organizations (cont’d)
• Informal Communications
 May or may not follow official reporting relationships
and/or prescribed organizational channels
 May have nothing to do with official organizational
business.
• Common Forms of Informal Communications
 The grapevine
 Management by wandering around
 Nonverbal communication
© 2010 South-Western, Cengage Learning, Inc. All rights reserved.
14–9
Informal Personal Communications
Kinds of Nonverbal
Communications
Images
© 2010 South-Western, Cengage Learning, Inc. All rights reserved.
Settings
Body Language
14–10
Key Terms
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
effective communication
communication
oral communication
written communication
communication network
vertical communication
horizontal communication
grapevine
management by wandering around
nonverbal communication
© 2010 South-Western, Cengage Learning, Inc. All rights reserved.
14–11