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COMMUNICATION FACTORS
“ Correct knowledge is important and the
ability to teach it moreso.If you are really
going to make a difference as a coach it’s
how you impart your knowledge to your
athletes.This ability to pass on your
knowledge is invaluable.”
Sir Clive Woodward
Good Teachers ?
Teaching is not what one DOES – it is what one IS.
M Hellison
INFLUENCING
COMMUNICATING
ENLIGHTENMENT
PERSUADING
DEMONSTRATING
INVENTION
RESPONSIBILITY
UNDERSTANDING
TELLING
TEACHING
EXPERIMENTATION
GUIDING
OWNERSHIP
ADVISING
PROVOKING
QUESTIONING
CHALLENGING
COMMUNICATION
‘No matter how much knowledge
a coach has, no matter how
great his understanding of the
physical and emotional needs of
his athletes, his success or
failure,boils down to one thing –
COMMUNICATION’
COACHING IS
COMMUNICATION
Communication
WHEN ?
Where ?
With who ?
Why ?
What ?
COMMUNICATION – HOW ?
Communication
HOW?
VERBAL
VISUAL
KINAESTHETIC
WRITTEN
With
CLARITY
AUTHENTICITY
IMPACT
VERBAL FACTORS
TIMBRE
TONE
VOLUME SPEED
EMPHASIS
PAUSE
DIALECT
DICTION
ACCENT
(Trust )
CERTAINTY
EMOTIONAL
SINCERITY
CONFIDENCE
ASSERTIVE
COMPOSURE
LANGUAGE TYPE
CONVINCING
AUDIENCE
APPROPRIATE
POWER WORDS
VERBAL FACTORS
PLAYER
STORY
PLAYERS
DIRECTORS
ANALOGY
PARENTS
VOCABULARY
METAPHOR
HALF TIME
TOUCHLINE
TRAINING
GROUND
V
Communication – feelings and
attitudes
WORDS
VERBAL
DELIVERY
7%
35%
Non - Verbal
Albert Mehrabian
58%
Spoken Word
Words
NONVERBAL
Communication
“ I like clarity.
I don’t waste my time being
unclear. But that can be
seen as strict.”
Charls van Commenee
VERBAL FACTORS
1) Voice (speed, volume, overload, diction, pitch, timbre.)
2) Vocabulary (meaning, understood, word selection / richness)
3) Tonality.
4) Projection of voice (distance, inflection.)
5) Pause, Silence, Emotion, Timing, Emphasis.
6) Poise, Clarity, Authority, Analogy, Story.
7) Auditory, Visual Wording
“Blair was tailoring his speech to what he imagined would be more acceptable to
the down-market audience.It was the same when he visited the USA – he
re-positioned his accent to better identify with America.
He adopted different voices to appeal to each.”
“ Words affect state .State affects behaviour.”
v
Communication
VERBAL FACTORS
Voice and language -Matching - RAPPORT=Commonality.
“people like people like themselves”
“Blair was tailoring his speech to what he imagined would be more acceptable to
the down-market audience.It was the same when he visited the USA – he
re-positioned his accent to better identify with America.
He adopted different voices to appeal to each.”
Power word repetition.
Power word repetition
E Miliband:
Generation x 41
New x 34
Change x 31
“ Words affect state .State affects behaviour.”
v
TIMBRE
TONE
VOLUME SPEED
EMPHASIS
PAUSE
DIALECT
ACCENT
DICTION
CERTAINTY
EMOTIONAL
SINCERITY
CONFIDENCE
ASSERTIVE
COMPOSURE
LANGUAGE TYPE
CONVINCING
AUDIENCE
APPROPRIATE
POWER WORDS
VERBAL FACTORS
PLAYER
STORY
PLAYERS
DIRECTORS
ANALOGY
PARENTS
VOCABULARY
METAPHOR
HALF TIME
TOUCHLINE
TRAINING
GROUND
V
Finding the words that cause the emotion !
CLARITY
RESONANCE
AUTHORITY
CONVICTION
Statement
Increased
Story
volume
Controversial
FLUENCY
Change
of tone
Increase
in speed
Emotive 3’s
Loud !
Emotive
soft
COACHING SESSION
START
Emphasis Quieter
softer
Pause
Engage audience/group
Words
Sentences
POWER WORDS REPETITION !
VISUAL FACTORS
“ If it’s silent P.R. you want
then leave me out of it .”
Gordon Brown April 2010
DRESS
STYLE
COLOURING
DEMEANOUR
APPEARANCE
ACCESORIES
GROOMING
HANDSHAKE
SMILE
GAIT
STANCE
GESTURES
EXPRESSIONS
NON-VERBAL
FACTORS
PHYSIQUE
GREETING
EYES
PERSONAL SPACE
PHYSICAL CONTACT
CONGRUENCY
GRAVITAS
THEY REMEMBER HOW YOU MADE THEM FEEL !
GIVING
COLOUR
The first thing we instinctively
register
when confronted by anything.
( can provoke emotional and physiological changes.)
RED – Energy, excitement, life.
BLACK- Menace, aggression, power, authority.
YELLOW –Happiness, good-times, optimism
BLUE – Calming, wisdom, focussed.
GREEN – Growth, nature, money.
WHITE – Purity, cleanliness.
Communication
“Only shallow people do not judge
others by their appearance.”
Oscar Wilde
VISUAL FACTORS
Political Conventions
Audiences !
1) Body-language.
2) Posture.
3) Gesture. (Barack Obama, News reporters.)
4) Mirroring and Matching.
5) Eye-contact, Eye-messages!
6) Physical Distance.
You ARE the message !
7) Facial Expression.
8) Dress, Grooming, Gait, Stance, Style.
“Talking without speaking”
U2
DRESS
COLOURING
STYLE
DEMEANOUR
APPEARANCE
HANDSHAKE
GROOMING
EXPRESSIONS
GAIT
STANCE
GESTURES
SMILE
NON-VERBAL
FACTORS
PHYSIQUE
GREETING
EYES
PERSONAL SPACE
PHYSICAL CONTACT
CONGRUENCY
GRAVITAS
GIVING
THEY REMEMBER HOW YOU MADE THEM FEEL !
Interviews,meeting players,board meetings,touch-line demeanour etc
Small gestures
Eye contact
Dress
Demeanour
Statement
Increased
Story
volume
Pause
Controversial
START
Gravitas
Expressions
Humour
Hands , arms
body
Change
of tone
Sincerity
synchronicity
Increase
in speed
Emphasis Quieter
softer
Engage audience/group
Bigger
gestures
Pause
COACHING SESSION
Emotive 3’s
Loud !
Emotive
soft
Words
Sentences
Communication
“ He didn’t have a good feeling
about what needed
to be done or said.”
About D Hayward BP Executive
KINAESTHETIC FACTORS
1) Holding someone
2) Touching someone
3) Giving something
4) Kinaesthetic “Language”
5) Social distance.
6) Venue lay-out.(e.g. Hotel meeting room.)
7) Venue conditions-light,temperature etc:
SIGNIFICANT COMMUNICATION FACTORS
PRESENCE !
PRESENCE
“ ….a national manager needs to be of a certain
age and must have a certain level of
experience.” he said.
“ You have to have a great presence and a c.v.
that’s indisputable.”
Sir Alex Ferguson on the appointment of
Fabio Capello as England Coach.
PRESENCE !
WHO ?
WHAT IS PRESENCE ?
( The Criteria for presence ? )
Creates a perception that someone is
in some way a superior being requiring
respect from others .
Ken Goldman (April 2010)
WHAT IS PRESENCE ?
“Impressive force of appearance,
personality and bearing.”
PRESENCE
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Command of self.
Command of “material”.
Command of role.
Command of others.
Command of situation.
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Appropriate behaviours.
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An “aura” , a “vapour “
- Pavarotti, Clinton.
Understated
Professionalism
Manages all interactions.
With dignity, control,
confidence.
Grabs and holds your
attention !
Assured, confident, relaxed, prepared.
LANGUAGE
( an instrument for expression !)
LANGUAGE
LANGUAGE
Creates focus
and direction.

Largely used in two ways.
- to internalise, interpret and then represent our experiences based
on our perceptions of the world.
AND
- to communicate our world to others. ( reflects our thinking.)

Influences minds and mental programming. ( Northumbria Police )
Articulates our feelings and beliefs.
Shifts beliefs, perceptions and attempts to create sense for others.
Affects “state” and behaviour of individuals and groups. ( A Hitler )
Can frame and contextualise our experiences.
3’s
Calls forth emotions and is the way we influence others.
Impacts significantly when emotions are evoked !
Highly effective when it causes internal reasoning in others. Repetition.
“ I wonder if …..
VOCABULARY
“ How would you feel if …..
IMPACT REQUIRED
“ How will you know that …..
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LANGUAGE
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Largely used in two ways.
- to internalise, interpret and then represent our experiences based
on our perceptions of the world.
AND
- to communicate our world to others. ( reflects our thinking.)

Influences minds and mental programming. ( Northumbria Police )
AUDIENCE ?
STYLE & SUBSTANCE
INTENSITY, FEEL, CONVICTION
BE UNDERSTOOD RATHER THAN HEARD
(What you say or what they hear ? )

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COACH
Audience ?
Age ?
Stage ?
Experience ?
Needs ?
Messages ?
Method ?
Shifts beliefs, perceptions and attempts to create sense for others.
Affects “state” and behaviour of individuals and groups. ( A Hitler )
QUESTIONING ?
WHY?
QUESTIONING ?
To analyse,consider,
create etc
Higher order thinking.
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Gain information.
Lower order thinking.
Calculate understanding.
Generate ideas.
To increase awareness of ----Evaluate feelings,opinions etc
Factual
To challenge others to analyse,evaluate.
To provoke others to explore,discover,create etc
To promote internal reasoning,thought and consideration.
To restore further detail that may have been ommitted .
Tag questioning.
etc,etc
DEMONSTRATIONS
DEMONSTRATION
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Why is the demonstration necessary ?
Can provide an appropriate visual image.
Coach capable ?
Use of others to demonstrate.
Players able to see !
Indicate what to look at / for / observe.
Indicate exactly what to observe, simple,detail,brief.
Repeat the demonstration if needed.
Prompt questions after the demonstration.
CONSIDERATIONS FOR COACHES !
TONE of the session
States
Feelings
Persuasion skills
Influencing skills
TEACHER
of the GAME
Presence
Vapour
Brand !
Appearance
Gestures
Body Language
Colouring
Gait
Demeanour
Eyes
Demonstration skill
Voice qualities
Vocabulary
Different languages
Power words
Tone
Speed
Pause
Emphasis
Repetition
3‘s
Appropriate wording
Questioning skill
YOU
Are the message !
IMPACT, INSPIRE
The MAN
The MESSAGE
The METHOD
HOW did
you leave
them
feeling ?
COACHING RELEVANCE
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States and Feelings generated ! (V A K )
Environment – place and vapour !
To whom are you communicating ,where, about what,why ?
Mastery of varied communication circumstances & skills.
The purpose of the communication ? (facts,an order,opinion,emotion etc)
Listening – for meaning,for tone, for emotions, for needs, for vocabulary !
Personal manner and demeanour.
Presence.
Vocabulary – varied,rich,meaningful,analogy,metaphor,pictures etc.
Voice Factors to impact and inspire.
Non verbal Factors to “speak without talking”.
Demonstration and questioning skill.
Engage players.
People often don’t remember what you said
Influence !
but they remember how you made them feel !
ESSENTIAL COACHING SKILLS ?
END