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ADOLF HITLER
• Hitler had fought as a
corporal in World War
I.
• He blamed
Germany’s defeat on
traitors, cowards,
Jews, and
communist.
• He despised the
Treaty of Versailles
and its terms.
THE NAZI PARTY
• The Nazi Party
(National Socialist
German Workers
Party), led by Adolf
Hitler, gained power
in Germany in the late
1920s and early
1930s, because the
democratic
government was
ineffective.
DER FUHRER
• In 1933, Hitler
became the
chancellor of
Germany and soon
gained unlimited
power.
• Hitler took the title of
“Der Fuhrer” or the
leader.
MEIN KAMPF “MY STRUGGLE”
• In 1923 the Nazi party
tried to overthrow the
Weimar government, it
failed and Hitler was
thrown into prison
• In prison Hitler wrote his
political views in a book
“Mein Kampf”.
• He blamed Communist
and Jews for Germany’s
problems.
Mein Kampf Quotes
• Mankind has grown great in eternal
struggle, and only in eternal peace does it
perish.
• -Adolf Hitler (Mein Kampf)
MORE QUOTES
• Sooner will a camel pass
through a needle's eye
than a great man be
'discovered' by an
election.
• -Adolf Hitler with his twist
on Mark 10:25 (Mein
Kampf)
• Verily a man cannot
serve two masters. And I
consider the foundation
or destruction of a religion
far greater than the
foundation or destruction
of a state, let alone a
party.
• -Adolf Hitler speaking like
Jesus in Matthew 6:24
(Mein Kampf)
ANTI-SEMITISM
• Anti-Semitism =
Hatred towards the
Jewish race, became
the official
government policy of
Germany.
• Jews lost their
citizenship and jobs.
• Books by Jewish
authors were burned.
KRISTALLNACHT
• Kristallnacht or “the
night of broken glass”
• On November 10,
1938, Nazis went on
a rampage,
destroying
synagogues and
looting Jewish homes
and stores
• Many Jews were
killed or wounded.
SYNAGOGUE BURNING DURING
THE KRISTALLNACHT
NAZIS BRUTALLIZING A JEW
A JEWISH BUILDING BURNING
DURING THE KRISTALLNACHT
ITALIAN FASCIST SLOGAN
BELIEVE!
OBEY!
FIGHT!
MUSSOLINI AND FASCISM IN
ITALY
• Mussolini was a powerful
speaker. He blamed
many of Italy’s problems
on Communist, bad
politicians, and corrupt
labor leaders.
• He wanted to restore Italy
to the glory of the ancient
Roman Empire.
• In Italy he was known as
IL Duce (the leader).
MORE MUSSOLINI
• Mussolini was a
demagogue = a
leader who plays to
popular fears and
hatreds.
• He focused on Italy’s
wounded pride.
• Gained little after WW
I, bad economy, class
divisions.
FASCISM
• Mussolini founded the
Fascist Party in 1919.
• Fasces = a bundle of
rods tied around an
ax handle, a symbol
of unity and authority
in ancient Rome.
• Fascists hated
democracy
THE “BLACK SHIRTS”
• Black Shirts = Mussolini’s
private army of angry
young men.
• Broke up anti-fascist
rallies and beat up
political opponents.
• 1922 = Mussolini and the
Black Shirts marched on
Rome and forced King
Victor Emmanuel to make
him prime minister.
MUSSOLINI IN CHARGE
• Once in power Mussolini
outlawed all political
parties besides Fascism.
• His Black Shirts
destroyed anyone against
him.
• Brought in censorship
and pro-Fascist
propaganda.
• He eventually aligned
himself and Italy with
Hitler.
RISE OF THE SOVIET UNION
• In 1917 V.I. Lenin led the
Communist (Bolshevik)
Revolution in Russia.
• It was to be the start of
the worldwide revolt of
workers against
capitalism.
• Communist-led
movements were taken
out by force in many
countries.
THE U.S.A AND THE U.S.S.R
• At the start of the 1920s
fear and hatred of the
Soviet Union by the
United States was great.
• Shared economic and
strategic interest began to
unite the two countries.
• By the 1930s they were
united by economic need
and a common fear of
Germany, Italy, and
Japan.
THE DEATH OF LENIN
• In 1924 Lenin died
and the new leader of
the Soviet Union was
now Joseph Stalin.
• In 1933 FDR
recognized the Soviet
gov’t for help in the
depression and for
help against Japan.
JOSEPH STALIN
• Joseph Stalin who
became known as “Uncle
Joe” in the United States
led the Soviet Union
during the Great
Depression and World
War II.
• He admired U.S.
productivity and invited
American companies to
the U.S.S.R.
JAPAN BEGINS TO EXPAND
• In 1931, Japan was in
need of land for a
growing population
and in need of
resources to build up
its industry and
military.
• 1931 = Japan
invaded Manchuria
(Northern China)
MANCHURIA
HIDEKI TOJO
• As well as prime
minister of Japan,
Tojo also held the
posts of minister of
war, home minister
and foreign minister.
From February 1944
he was also
Commander in Chief
of the General Staff.
TOJO CONTINUED….
• Tojo was in command of
the army's aviation.
• He helped to plan the
attack on Pearl Harbor.
• Tojo held extreme rightwing views and was a
supporter of Nazi
Germany
EMPEROR HIROHITO
• Under the constitution of
Japan the Emperor could
not act except on the
advice of his ministers
and the chiefs of staff.
• Hirohito became critical of
the political leaders and
this led to the removal of
Hideki Tojo on 18th July
1944.