Download Nationalism the unique cultural identity of a people based on

AHSGE Test
Vocabulary
Social Studies
Julie Mullins-Turner
Nationalism
the unique cultural
identity of a people
based on common
language, religion,
and national symbols
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Militarism
Reliance on
military strength
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Mobilization
the process of
assembling troops
and supplies and
making them ready
for war
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Imperialism
The extension of a
nation’s power
over other lands
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Ratification
approval by the
states
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Embargo
Prohibiting
entry or
departure of
ships
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Preamble
The Preamble states the
purpose of establishing a
new government under
the Constitution. The
Preamble does not
establish any law.
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Carpetbaggers
People who came
from the North to
do business in the
South after the
Civil War.
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Progressivism
A political movement that
crossed party lines which
believed that industrialism
and urbanization had created
many social problems and
that government should take
a more active role in dealing
with these problems.
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Open Door Policy
A policy that
allowed each
foreign nation in
China to trade
freely in the other
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Reconstruction
The reorganization
and rebuilding of
the former
Confederate states
after the Civil War.
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Monopoly
A company that is
the only supplier
for its particular
industry.
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Yellow Press
A type of
journalism that is
sensational, biased,
and often false
reporting for the
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Social Darwinism
Drawing from Darwin’s
observation of animals in
the wild. This
philosophy states that
only the strongest
survive. Life is a contest
for the survival of the
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Emancipation
Proclamation
President Lincoln issued
the Emancipation
Proclamation, on January
1, 1863, freeing the slaves
in Confederate states,
while maintaining slavery
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Rationing
The giving out
of scarce items
on a limited
basis
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Attrition
The act of
wearing down by
constant
harassment or
attack.
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Racism
Prejudice or
discrimination
against someone
because of his or
her race
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Conservative
A person who believes
government power,
particularly in the
economy should be
limited in order to
maximize individual
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Scalawags
Southerners who
supported
Reconstruction.
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Conquistador
Spanish for
conqueror, the men
who led the
expeditions to
conquer the
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Columbian Exchange
Series of complex
societal and
environmental
interactions between
Europe and the Americas
begun with Columbus’s
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Impressment
A kind of legalized
kidnapping in
which people are
forced into
military service.
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Manifest Destiny
Idea popular in the
United States during
the 1800s that the
country must expand its
boundaries to the
Pacific Ocean
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Abolitionists
People who were
for the immediate
ending of slavery.
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Temperance
Moderation in
or abstinence
from alcohol
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Utopia
Community based
on a vision of a
perfect society
sought by
reformers
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Spoils System
Practice of handing out
government jobs to
supporters; replacing
government employees
with the winning
candidate’s supporters
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Nullification
Theory that
states have the
right to declare a
federal law
invalid
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Secession
Withdrawal from
the Union
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Populism
Political movement
founded in the 1890s
representing mainly
farmers, favoring free
coinage of silver and
government control of
railroads and other large
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Muckraker
A journalist who
uncovers abuses
and corruption in
a society
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Rough Riders
A volunteer cavalry
regiment, commanded
by Leonard Wood and
Theodore Roosevelt,
that served in the
Spanish-AmericanCuban War.
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Roosevelt Corollary
An extension of the Monroe
Doctrine, announced by
President Theodore Roosevelt
in 1904, under which the
United States claimed the
right to protect its economic
interests by means of military
intervention in the affairs of
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Crusades
A series of Christian
military expeditions to
the Middle East between
A.D. 1096 and 1270,
intended to drive the
Muslims from the Holy
Land
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Reformation
A religious movement in
16th-century Europe,
growing out of a desire
for reform in the Roman
Catholic Church and
leading to the
establishment of various
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Compromise
A series of
congressional
measures intended to
settle the major
disagreements
between free states
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Urbanization
The growth of
cities
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