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The Young State War With Mexico p. 326 - 330 ► The Causes of the War Mexican government never recognized the Republic of Texas and considered the annexation of Texas by the United States an insult to Mexico. ► Mexicans did not recognize the Rio Grande as the boundary- Mexico insisted the boundary was the Nueces River. ► Another dispute was over San Francisco. To help trade expand further, the United States wanted to acquire the San Francisco, which was then in Mexico territory. ► Another Causes of the War argument was concerning the payment of damages during the Texas Revolutionary War. ► Earlier, the United States had demanded that the Mexican government pay the victims of this damage, but now the U.S. was prepared to pay all the debts owed. The U.S would also give $30 million for Mexico to accept the Rio Grande as the boundary and cede, or give up, California and West New Mexico. ► American President, James K. Polk, sent John Slidell to negotiate with Mexico. ► No Causes of the War representative of the Mexican government would speak to Slidell because they felt by agreeing, their enemies would denounce Mexico as weaklings. ► Diplomatic relations completely broke down between the U.S. and Mexico. ► In 1846, President Polk ordered General Zachary Taylor to move his troops across the Nueces River to the Rio Grande. ►In War Declared May 1846, American and Mexican soldiers clashed just north of the Rio Grande River. ►President Polk declared war on Mexico on May 13, 1846 because he declared that, “Mexico… shed American blood upon American soil.” ►Some members of Congress and abolitionists questioned the American motive for the war. ► The United States Victory United States forces were better equipped and better led than Mexico. ► In February 1847 Taylor defeated a large Mexican army under the command of Santa Anna at Buena Vista. ► Troops led by General Winfield Scott captured Mexico City in September 1847. ► Other American forces moved from Kansas to occupy California. ► On Februar 2, 1848, representatives of both governments signed a peace treaty at Guadalupe Hidalgo. ► In United States Victory the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, Mexico abandoned all claims to Texas and accepted the Rio Grande as the boundary. ► Mexico also gave to the U.S. all territory between western Texas and the Pacific Ocean. This land is known as the Mexican Cession and included California, Nevada, Utah, some of Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico and Wyoming. ► America paid Mexico $15 million for this land and paid claims against Mexico up to 3.25 million. ► Mexicans in the disputed area had 1 year to decide if they wished to became American citizens. Mexican Cession The New Mexico Boundary Dispute ► The question of whether Santa Fe, a major trading post, would become part of Texas became a political issue in the United States. ►With the Rio Grande as the boundary gave Texas control of about one half of New Mexico, including Santa Fe. ►Some people in Santa Fe wanted to become a separate territory or state. ►Many Americans feared that the Texans would introduce slavery into this area. The New Mexico Boundary Dispute ► Henry Clay worked out the Pearce Act as part of the Compromise of 1850. ► Texas agreed to surrender its claims Santa Fe. ► The U.S. agreed to give Texas $10 million for the Gadsden Purchase, a strip of land along the southern edge of present-day Arizona and New Mexico.