Download 2-4 Ch 21-2b Korea

Ch 21 Sec 2b: The Cold War - Korea
•
Mao Zedong – Chinese communist leader who gained
power in 1949 to establish The People’s Republic of China
•
Taiwan – small island home of the Chinese Nationalists
that fled communist China led by Chiang Kai-shek
•
Occupation of Japan – the United States encouraged the
rapid democratic/capitalist development of Japan in order
to prevent the spread of communism from China
•
The Korean War – (1950-53) Post WWII Korea divided at
the 38th Parallel between communist and capitalist
•North Korea Attacks – (6/25/50) an attempt to unify
Korea under communism
•The UN Intervenes – led by the U.S. a UN
peacekeeping force drives North Koreans towards China
•China Attacks – feeling threatened by the UN, China
invades into North Korea driving UN troops to the 38th P
•MacArthur Fired encouraged the use of nuclear
weapons to end the war and disobeyed Truman’s orders
The Week in Preview (Feb 2nd – 6th)
Mon (2/2)
Tue (2/3)
Wed (2/4)
Ch 21 Sec 1 “Origins of the Cold War”
Ch 21 Sec 2 “Cold War in Europe (Berlin Airlift)”
Ch 21 Sec 2 “Cold War in Asia (Korean War)”
Reading Quiz Tutorial after school (2:45 – 3:15)
Thu (2/5)
Ch 25 Sec 1 “The U.S. and Vietnam in the 1950s”
Fri (2/6)
Open Note Reading Quiz – Ch 21 Sec 3
______“The Cold War and American Society” pp. 668-674______
Mon (2/9)
Progress Report Grades Due
Fri (2/13)
TEST – “The Origins of the Cold War”
Ch 21 and Ch 25 Sec 1
Textbook Assignment (pp. 662-665)
Ch 21 Sec 2: The Early War Years (cont.)
1) When did the Chinese Civil War begin, why
was it delayed and what were the final results
of it in 1949?
2) Why did the United Nations intervene on the
side of the South Koreans in 1950 and how
did China react?
3) Why was General MacArthur fired by
President Truman in 1951?
4) What were the results of the Korean War?
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Chapter Objectives
Section 2: The Early Cold War Years
• Explain the causes of the Korean War.
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The Cold War Spreads to East Asia
• The Cold War spread to Asia.
• In China,
Communist
forces and
Nationalist
forces had
been battling
since the late
1920s.
• The two had
stopped their
war during
World War II
in an effort to
resist
Japanese
occupation.
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(pages 662–663)
The Cold War Spreads to East Asia
• With the end of World War II, civil war broke out
again.
• The Nationalists were defeated after poor leadership
caused the United States to stop sending aid.
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The Cold War Spreads to East Asia
• In October 1949, Communists set up the People’s
Republic of China.
• In early 1950, the People’s Republic of China and
the Soviet Union signed a treaty of friendship and
alliance.
(pages 662–663)
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The Cold War Spreads to East Asia
• The United States was able to keep Communist
China out of the United Nations while allowing
Nationalists from Taiwan to retain their seats.
(pages 662–663)
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The Cold War Spreads to East Asia
• When the United States lost China as its main ally in
Asia, it adopted policies to encourage the quick
recovery of Japan’s industrial economy.
• The U.S. saw Japan as its
key in defending Asia.
(pages 662–663)
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The Korean War
• At the end of World
War II, American
and Soviet forces
entered Korea to
disarm Japanese
troops stationed
there.
• The Allies
divided Korea at
the 38th parallel
of latitude.
(pages 663–665)
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The Korean War
• Soviet troops
controlled the north
and set up a
Communist
government.
• American troops
controlled the south
with an Americanbacked
government.
• The Soviets gave
military aid to the
north, resulting in
an expansive
military.
(pages 663–665)
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The Korean War (cont.)
• On June 25, 1950, North Korean troops invaded
South Korea.
(pages 663–665)
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The Korean War (cont.)
• Truman asked the UN to
act against the Communist
invasion of South Korea.
• American, UN, and South
Korean troops pushed back
advancing North Korean
troops.
(pages 663–665)
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The Korean War (cont.)
• The Communist Chinese
government saw the UN
troops as a threat and
demanded that they stop
advancing.
(pages 663–665)
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The Korean War (cont.)
• After being ignored,
China began a massive
attack with hundreds of
thousands of Chinese
troops heading across
the border, driving UN
forces back.
(pages 663–665)
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The Korean War (cont.)
• General MacArthur demanded approval to expand
the war against China.
• Truman refused
MacArthur’s demands.
• MacArthur was fired
after publicly criticizing
the president.
• Truman was
committed to limited
war, a war fought to
achieve a limited
objective such as
containing
communism.
(pages 663–665)
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The Korean War (cont.)
• By 1951 UN forces had pushed Chinese and North
Korean troops back across the 38th parallel.
• An armistice was signed July 1953.
(pages 663–665)
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The Korean War (cont.)
• Korea still divided today
(pages 663–665)
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The Korean War (cont.)
• The Korean War was an important turning point in
the Cold War.
• Instead of just
using political
pressure and
economic aid to
contain
communism, the
United States
began a major
military buildup.
• The Korean War
expanded the
Cold War
beyond Europe
and into Asia.
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(pages 663–665)
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