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The Cold War By; Thomas Bernicker, Christian Ash, Dylan Karivalis, and Matt Brannau Nuclear Weapons Nuclear Weapons deadliest bomb on planet More Nuclear Fission= Bigger Explosion Result of explosion= mushroom cloud Think about it… What would it be like if a country did use nuclear weapons? Nuclear Weapon Effects What is the effect of a nuclear bomb? 1. 2. 3. 4. First effect blinding light After a cloud of ash+ debris Then radiation affects everything Years later after explosion Nuclear Winter What is a nuclear bomb made of? 1. The main energy of a nuclear bomb is nuclear fission The Manhattan Project Dr. Robert Oppenheimer was the person that discovered nuclear weapons Led by the United States, United Kingdom, and Canada The U.S. spent $2 billion dollars then 22 billion today First nuclear bomb exploded was in Hiroshima during WWII Many countries made nuclear bombs after the U.S. Think about it: what would have happened if the Soviet Union developed a nuclear bomb before the United States? Fears of Nuclear Weapons People: Scared that nuclear weapons would: Create a nuclear war Everybody would die Government: If a nuclear weapon did go off in their country: Or be injured They needed to calm down rest of the country Strike back Bomb Shelters Bomb shelters in homes At least 12 inches thick Avoid harmful explosion and radioactivity Consists of: Shielding, reducing gamma-ray exposure Popular building material: concrete, bricks, earth, and sand Dense and heavy enough to provide fallout protection Recommended Fallout shelters be placed in: Basements Buried in backyard Also transformed public buildings to bomb shelters Bomb Shelters Contd. Not designed well in 1960’s Occupants Suffered Heat exhaustion and suffocation Occupants: stay in shelter for several months Recommended Battery-powered radio Lanterns Sleeping bags Bomb Shelters Contd. Food and drink recommended Variety of canned goods Bottled drinking water/water storage drum First-aid kit Recreational and other materials recommended Book Games Writing materials Bomb Drills in School Drop and Cover created Drop to avoid flying objects Cover to avoid being burned or getting cut Air raid drill were created in the early 1950’s Bert the turtle explained to Drop and Cover during an air raid drill Harry S. Truman Became president after Roosevelt’s Death April 12, 1945 End of WWII Start of the Cold War Proposed the Truman Doctrine The Truman Doctrine Proposed by President Truman Help stop the spread of Communism Financial and military aid to Greece and Turkey Urgent request to stop communist countries from invading Spent $400 million dollars to help Greece and Turkey The Marshall Plan Also called European Recovery Program Developed at the Paris Economic Conference By Secretary of State George Marshall Made to help European countries after WWII US and USSR 2nd leaders Jimmy Carter And Leniod Brezhev Purpose: reduce Nuclear weapons SALT 1 and 2 1st Leaders Richard Nixon And Leniod Brezhev Held in Helsinki, Finland , in 1970 2nd In 1979 Help prevent Countries from Entering Nuclear war Think about it… what could of happened if SALT 1 and 2 weren’t created? Sputnik First man made Satellite Launched by Soviet Union in October 4, 1957 Entered the countries into a arms race and space race Made to be launched into space to orbit around the earth Took 3 months Built- August 1961. A time of growing tensions between East and West Berlin Dismantled1990 a failed gamble by the Communists to keep power The Berlin Wall First Built With Barbed Wire Prevented East Berliners From entering West Berlin Switched to Concrete watch towers The Berlin Wall Germany and Berlin split into 4 zones U.S.S.R., U.S., France, and Britain The U.S., France, and Britain combined forming East Germany and East Berlin U.S.S.R. mad West Germany and Berlin Cuban Missile Crisis Khrushchev sought to place missiles close to the U.S. Soviets and Cuba thought U.S. would invade Cuba They deploy nuclear missiles 1962- Soviets had only 50 bombers and missiles Missiles only 90 miles from U.S. Warheads the size of Hiroshima bomb Start- October 14 End- October 28 John F. Kennedy During War President of the United States from 1961-1963 On Oct. 16 he found out about the missiles Oct. 18 conferred with Soviet Minister of Foreign Affaires- Andrei Gromyko Oct. 20 Kennedy spent entire day conferring with advisers Two military options: Stated that the missiles were for defense Surgical air strike against the bases Or a naval blockade of Cuba He announced that any missile launched at the U.S. from Cuba would be a Soviet attack Nikita Khrushchev 1953- Named head of Communist Party Did not want war with Western Countries 1962- Wanted missiles in Cuba Americans citizens got angry at: - U.S. government because they said they will remove missiles from Italy and Turkey if missiles are removed from Cuba Think about it… what could have happened if the U.S. didn’t say that they would remove nuclear missiles from Italy and Turkey? Fidel Castro Born in 1926 in Havana President of Cuba Wanted to extend Cuban revolution Needed help from Soviet Union Cuban economy depended on billions of Soviet money Cuba becomes allies with Soviet Union The End to the War The world averted a nuclear war The terror of a nuclear missile hitting you was over No country actually detonated a nuclear bomb on another country Big Question • What would have happened if nuclear weapons were never created? Finished Video: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wk5uRO2dmRA