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Circulatory System PART ONE Red blood cells White blood cells Platelet #1 The 4 Components of Blood Red Blood Cells - Cells that carry oxygen molecules - They contain hemoglobin - Does not have a nucleus - 120 day lifespan White Blood Cells - Immune cells that attack and engulf pathogens - Uses the circulatory system for transportation to sites of injury Platelets - Cellular elements that initiate the blood clotting process - They clump together to create a “plug” to prevent further blood loss Plasma - A pale-yellow liquid - The majority of the liquid is water, the rest is: proteins, glucose, minerals, CO2 and hormones #2 Purpose & Function of the Circulatory System 1. To transport oxygen and nutrients to the body’s cells. 2. To transport carbon dioxide and wastes away from the body’s cells. 3. To provide a transportation system for our immune system cells. 4. To distribute heat throughout the body. #3 Blood Vessels Artery Vein Capillary #3 Blood Vessels Artery Capillary Vein Function Carries blood away from the heart at high pressure Site of gas and nutrient diffusion Returns blood to the heart at low pressure Structure of Wall Thick, muscular, elastic wall Thinnest walls, one cell thick Thin wall, less muscular Size of Opening Valve? How does structure meet it’s function? Narrow Very Narrow Wide No No Yes Strength and elasticity needed to withstand the pulsing of the blood, prevents bursting No need for strong walls, as most of the blood pressure has been lost, thin walls allow for diffusion of materials between the vessel and body cells No need for strong walls, as most of the blood pressure has been lost, valves prevents backflow of blood Valves in Veins Prevents Backflow of Blood #4 Aorta Pulmonary Artery Left Atrium Superior Vena Cava Pulmonary Veins Right Atrium Inferior Vena Cava Mitral Valve Aortic Valve Tricuspid Valve Pulmonary Valve Right Ventricle Left Ventricle Aorta Pulmonary Artery Superior Vena Cava Pulmonary Veins Right Atrium Left Atrium Inferior Vena Cava Mitral Valve Tricuspid Valve Aortic Valve Pulmonary Valve Right Ventricle http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-s5iCoCaofc Left Ventricle #5 Arteries Veins Right Lung Left Lung