Download Topic: The Circulatory System

Topic: The
Circulatory System
Aim: What makes up the circulatory
system? How does this system
accomplish it’s function?
What are the functions of
the circulatory system?
 Delivers food and oxygen to body cells
 Carries carbon dioxide and wastes away
from body cells
 Transports disease-fighting cells and
chemical messengers
 Pumps blood throughout the body
What is the pacemaker?
 Nerve tissue in the heart that controls the
heartbeat
What is the septum?
 A thick wall of tissue that divides the
heart into right and left sides
Describe the right atrium.
 Upper right chamber of heart that
receives blood
 Collects oxygen poor blood
(deoxygenated) from the body
Describe the right
ventricle.
 Lower right chamber of the heart that
pumps blood out to the lungs
What is a valve?
 A small flap of tissue that separates the
upper and lower chambers
 Prevents backflow of blood
Describe the left atrium.
 Upper left chamber that receives blood
 It collects oxygen-rich (oxygenated) blood
from the lungs
Describe the left ventricle.
 Lower left chamber that pumps blood out
to the body (contains more muscle mass
than the right ventricle)
What are arteries?
 Thick, muscular elastic-like blood vessels
 They carry blood away from the heart
 Ex: aorta (largest blood vessel)
What are capillaries?
 Very thin-walled blood vessels
 One blood cell wide
 Food, oxygen, and wastes leave the
capillaries and enter the cells
What are veins?
 They are larger than capillaries but not as
thick and muscular as arteries
 They contain one-way valves
 They carry blood to the heart
 Ex: vena cava
What is blood?
 Blood is liquid tissue
 It does not stay in one spot
What is blood made of?




Plasma
Red blood cells
White blood cells
platelets
What is plasma?
 Liquid portion of blood
 Mostly made of water (92%)
 Carries substances
Describe the function of
red blood cells.
 They contain hemoglobin which carries
oxygen and carbon dioxide
 Makes up 95% of blood
What is hemoglobin?
 An iron-containing protein
 It binds to oxygen in the lungs
Describe the function of
white blood cells.
 They fight infections and disease
What is the function of platelets?
 Used for blood clotting
 Repairs injured blood vessels
 Creates fibrin
What is LYMPH?
 Plasma that leaks out of blood
vessels
 Becomes absorbed into lymph
vessels
 Special cells called LYMPH
NODES clean the plasma of
bacteria and dead cells before
it is returned to the blood
 Plasma is returned by veins
What are the four
blood groups?
 Type A – anti B
 Type B – anti A
 Type AB – none
 Universal acceptor
 Type O – anti A,
anti B
 Universal donor
 Rh Factor – a group of
18 proteins found on
red blood cells
 If one or more of the 18
Rh proteins are
present, you are Rh+
 If none are present, you
are Rh-
What are two types of
cardiovascular disease?
 ARTHEROSCLEROSIS




Thickening of the inner lining of arteries
Blocks blood flow
Caused by fats and cholesterol
Arteries become more and more narrow
 HYPERTENSION
 High blood pressure
 Damages blood vessels
 Makes the heart work very hard
What can happen as a
result of cardiovascular
disease?
 HEART ATTACK
 Heart cells die
 STROKE
 Brain cells die