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Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Our Bodies Move, Breathe, and Circulate Blood? Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Our Bodies Move, Breathe, and Circulate Blood? Objectives: • Describe the structures of the skeletal system and their functions. • Explain how the muscular system functions. • Describe how the human body respires. • Describe how nutrients and oxygen are obtained and transported through the human body. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Our Bodies Move, Breathe, and Circulate Blood? Warm up: Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Our Bodies Move, Breathe, and Circulate Blood? What forms your skeletal system? 1- Bones. 2- Cartilage. 3- ligaments. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Our Bodies Move, Breathe, and Circulate Blood? 1-Bones: • Bones are organs that : 1- Support the body. 2- Protect the internal body parts. 3-Allow movement. 4- Store minerals(calcium) in the outer layer. 5- Make blood cells in the spongy inner layer which is called marrow. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Our Bodies Move, Breathe, and Circulate Blood? 2- Cartilage: • Cartilage cushions the ends of bones and forms flexible parts such as your ears and nose. 3- Ligaments: • The place where two or more bones meet is called a joint. • Ligaments connect bones at joints. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Our Bodies Move, Breathe, and Circulate Blood? Exit slip1: (active reading sheet) Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Our Bodies Move, Breathe, and Circulate Blood? Joints: • Some joints, like those in the skull, don’t move. Other joints allow movement. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Our Bodies Move, Breathe, and Circulate Blood? Types of Joints: 1-Ball-and-Socket Joints : allow circular movement, like the joint in your shoulder. 2-Hinge Joints: allow back-and-forth movement, like the hinge in your knee. 3-Pivot Joints: allow rotation from side to side, like the joint in your neck. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Our Bodies Move, Breathe, and Circulate Blood? Active reading: Word bank: Back and forth movement. 3- Movement in a complete circle Side to side and rotational movement. 45- Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Our Bodies Move, Breathe, and Circulate Blood? What makes up our Muscular System? • Muscles are organs that contract to produce movement in the body. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Our Bodies Move, Breathe, and Circulate Blood? Types of Muscles : • There are three types of muscles in the muscular system. 1- The heart is made of one type. 2- The walls of blood vessels and organs are made of another type of muscle. 3- A third type, the skeletal muscle, pulls bones to help us move. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Our Bodies Move, Breathe, and Circulate Blood? What controls our Muscles? • Muscle movement can be involuntary or voluntary. • Involuntary movements: -Happen without thinking about them, like your heart beating. • Voluntary movements: -Can be controlled, such as running and playing. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Our Bodies Move, Breathe, and Circulate Blood? Exit slip: • Word Bank: - Heart muscle - -help to move - Organ muscles - -pump blood - skeletal muscles - controls how materials pass through them Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Our Bodies Move, Breathe, and Circulate Blood? How do muscles work? • Tendons are strong bands of tissues that connect skeletal muscles to bones. • Muscles often work in pairs. • When one muscle contracts, the other muscle in the pair relaxes. • The contracting muscle moves the bone that it’s attached to. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Our Bodies Move, Breathe, and Circulate Blood? Exit: Choose: Bend straighten Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Our Bodies Move, Breathe, and Circulate Blood? Exit: Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Our Bodies Move, Breathe, and Circulate Blood? Breathe In, Breathe Out • Organs in the respiratory system bring in oxygen and release carbon dioxide. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Our Bodies Move, Breathe, and Circulate Blood? Respiratory System: 1-Nose: - Air enters the body through the nose or mouth. 2-Trachea: -Air flows through a tube in the throat called the trachea. 3-Bronchi: -The trachea branches into two smaller tubes called bronchi 4-Lungs: - The main organs of the respiratory system, are spongy organs that expand to fill with air. 5-Bronchioles: -Bronchi branch into many bronchioles in the lungs. 6-Alveoli: -Tiny sacs called alveoli are attached to bronchioles. They inflate and deflate as you inhale and exhale. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Our Bodies Move, Breathe, and Circulate Blood? Breathe In, Breathe Out • Red blood cells in the alveoli absorb oxygen. Identify the blood vessels and alveoli. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Our Bodies Move, Breathe, and Circulate Blood? Exit slip: (brain check no.2) • Word bank: Bronchi Alveoli Trachea Bronchioles Carbon dioxide oxygen Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Our Bodies Move, Breathe, and Circulate Blood? Asthma Attack Constricted Airways • Asthma is an illness that makes it hard for a person to breathe. • During an asthma attack, bronchi become swollen, making airways smaller. This makes it much harder to get air in and out of the lungs. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Our Bodies Move, Breathe, and Circulate Blood? Asthma Attack Triggers Management • The exact causes of asthma aren’t known. • People can try to avoid asthma triggers; however, people can’t always avoid pollen or air pollution. • Some people are born with asthma, while for other people, smoke, air pollution, and allergies can trigger an asthma attack. • A doctor can prescribe an inhaler, a device that delivers medication to the lungs. The inhaler releases a mist that can help open up airways. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Our Bodies Move, Breathe, and Circulate Blood? What pumps your blood? Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Our Bodies Move, Breathe, and Circulate Blood? What makes up your circulatory system? 1-The Heart : -It is a muscular organ that pumps blood throughout the body. -It contracts in two phases. - When the top part relaxes, it fills with blood. When it contracts, this top part squeezes blood to the lower part. • When the lower part contracts, it squeezes blood from the heart into vessels and all parts of the body. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Our Bodies Move, Breathe, and Circulate Blood? 2-The Blood : • Blood is made up of a clear liquid called plasma and small structures called blood cells. • Red blood cells carry oxygen throughout the body. • White blood cells help fight disease. • Platelets stop bleeding by forming clots. • Plasma carries nutrients throughout the body. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Our Bodies Move, Breathe, and Circulate Blood? 3-The Vessels: • Arteries: - carry blood away from the heart. • Veins: - bring blood back to the heart from the lungs and the body. • Capillaries: - Oxygen, nutrients, and carbon dioxide pass through capillaries, or tiny vessels with very thin walls, to parts of the body and into the blood. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company