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The Respiratory System Bell Ringer Try and guess the parts of the body that make up the respiratory system. Can you think of any problems related to the respiratory system? What do you think is the most important way to protect your respiratory system? Chatting!! NO MAS!! Anti-Smoking Poster Project! Sneak peak http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RPdGQ-A_yM4 The Respiratory System is Confusing! What is the world’s dumbest question??? The question you don’t ask!!!! Main Function of the Respiratory System Respiration The exchange of gases between your body and your environment. Just like fire needs oxygen to burn, your cells cannot ‘burn’ enough fuel to keep you alive without oxygen. 2 Parts of Respiration 1. External Respiration The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the blood and the air in the lungs. External Respiration As you breathe, you inhale air that contains oxygen into your lungs. That oxygen moves from your lungs into your blood. At the same time carbon dioxide moves from your blood to your lungs. 2 Parts of Respiration 2. Internal Respiration The exchange of gases between the blood and the cells in the body. Internal Respiration Oxygen moves from your blood into your cells. Carbon dioxide moves from your cells into your blood. How Respiration Works 1. When you breathe, air enters through your nose or mouth. 2. The nasal passage warms the air and contains a mucous lining and cilia(hairs) to remove dirt and other particles. Fill in Diagram! How Respiration Works 3. After passing though your nasal passage or mouth, air moves though your larynx (voice box) which contains your vocal cords. How Respiration Works Voice box contains vocal cords which are thin bands of tissue that vibrate when exhaled air rushes past them; enables you to make sounds. Fill in Diagram How Respiration Works 4. After passing through the larynx, air enters the trachea (wind pipe). 5. Trachea is about 4.5 inches long; surrounded by rings of cartilage to keep it open so air can travel through it freely. Lined with cilia. Fill in Diagram! How Respiration Works 6. The trachea breaks off into two tubes called the bronchi. 7. The bronchi lead into your lungs. 8. The bronchi are broken down into smaller passageways that are called bronchioles. 9. Think of how a tree’s branches are made up. Fill in Diagram! Think, Pair, Share Discuss the flow of oxygen through the body so far. How Respiration Works 10. Next air enters the alveoli – tiny sacs at the end of the bronchioles. 11. This is where external respiration takes place. Fill in Diagram! How Respiration Works 12. The alveoli are lined with tiny blood vessels called capillaries. 13. Oxygen is transferred from the alveoli to the capillaries. 14. Veins take the oxygen to the cells throughout the body. Think, Pair, Share Think about external respiration. Talk to your partner about what this means and where it happens. Answer questions that your partner has or make a list of questions for me! How Respiration Works 15. Our cells use oxygen for energy. 16. When this happens carbon dioxide is produced. 17. The body needs to get rid of that carbon dioxide. 18. This is where internal respiration occurs. Helpers of the Respiratory System 1. Diaphragm - large sheet-like muscle that separates the lungs from the abdominal cavity. Expands and contracts during respiration. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hp-gCvW8PRY Helpers of the Respiratory System 2. The pleura is a slick, shiny mucous membrane that covers the lungs. 3. The pleura helps minimize friction between the lungs and the inner wall of the chest. 4. The cilia are tiny hairs that line the respiratory tract to filter out dust and dirt particles. Respiratory System Problems 1. Bronchitis – inflammation of the bronchi. Symptoms include wheezing, coughing, and shortness of breath. Caused by exposure to cigarette smoke, dust, fumes and other air pollutants. Respiratory System Problems 2. Asthma – inflammatory condition in which the trachea, bronchi and bronchioles become narrower, making breathing more difficult. Attacks can be triggered by exertion, emotion, infections, allergies, or even changes in the weather. Asthma attacks are treated with bronchodilators – medications that relax and wide the airways. Respiratory System Problems 3. Pneumonia - alveoli swell and become clogged with mucus. When the alveoli becomes clogged, gas exchange become much more difficult. Symptoms include fever, chest pain, chills, and cough MUST see a doctor for antibiotics!!!! Respiratory System Problems 4. Emphysema – disease in which the alveoli in the lungs burst and blend to form fewer, larger sacs with less surface area. Disrupts the normal exchange of carbon dioxide and oxygen in the alveoli. Causes difficulty breathing, chronic cough Almost always caused by smoking. DON’T SMOKE!!! How to Care for the Respiratory System Exercise – keeps lungs working efficiently DON’T SMOKE!!!!! Avoid exposure to pollutants, including second hand smoke! Wash your hands and keep them away from nose and mouth – prevents infection Maintain good oral health – germ in your mouth can cause infections. BRUSH 2 times a day!!