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Science Ch 1D Study Guide Lesson 1- How does your body take in oxygen • About _____ of the air that you breathe in is a gas called _____. – 1/5 – oxygen • As your cells _____, they make a gas called _____. This gas leaves your body as a waste when you _____. – Work – Carbon dioxide – Breathe out Lesson 1- How does your body take in oxygen • The respiratory system includes your _____, your _____, and the _____ that connect them. – Nose – Lungs – Tubes • Air enters the body through the _____, which has the job of getting the air ready for the _____ – Nose – Lungs Lesson 1- How does your body take in oxygen • The nose’s lining makes a sticky liquid called _____ which adds _____ to the air. – Mucus – Moisture • Mucus and tiny hairs inside the nose also _____ _____ from the air. – Trap dust Lesson 1- How does your body take in oxygen • Another name for the windpipe is the _____, which divides into 2 _____ _____. – Trachea – Bronchial tubes • When you breathe in, you _____. – Inhale • When you breathe out, you _____. – Exhale Lesson 1- How does your body take in oxygen • Inhaled air, which is rich in _____, enters the air sacs. – Oxygen • An exchange of _____ and _____ takes place in the _____. – Oxygen – Carbon dioxide – Air sacs • Now red blood cells have oxygen to deliver to _____ – Body cells Lesson 1- How does your body take in oxygen • Carbon dioxide leaves your body when you _____. – Exhale • The large muscle below your lungs that allows you to breathe is the _____. – Diaphragm Lesson 2 – How does your body use oxygen • When red blood cells are carrying oxygen, they are _____. – Bright red • After red blood cells give up their oxygen, they become dark, dull and _____. – purplish Lesson 2 – How does your body use oxygen • Capillaries are tiny _____ with thin walls through which _____, _____, and _____ pass. – Blood vessels – Oxygen – Nutrients – Waste Lesson 2 – How does your body use oxygen • Capillaries are so narrow that _____ have to move through them in _____ _____. – Red blood cells – Single file • Blood flows from the _____into blood vessels called _____, which carry the blood to your ____. – Capillaries – Veins – Heart Lesson 2 – How does your body use oxygen • Almost all living things need _____ to stay alive as well as _____. – Oxygen – Food • Your digestive system changes food into nourishing substances called _____. – Nutrients • Like red blood cells, nutrients are carried by _____. – Plasma Lesson 2 – How does your body use oxygen • Cells use _____ to break the sugar down into _____ and _____. – Oxygen – Carbon dioxide – Water • When your cells break down sugar, they release _____. – Energy • All of the _____ that your body needs is made this way. – Energy Lesson 2 – How does your body use oxygen • Cells use energy to _____, to _____, and to _____. – Grow – Divide – Repair damage Lesson 3 – How does your body get rid of cell waste • Your body gets rid of, or _____, cell waste. – Excretes • Your _____ does most of this work with some help from your _____ and _____. – Excretory system – Lungs – Skin Lesson 3 – How does your body get rid of cell waste • Your body cells constantly produce _____. – Cell wastes • This waste moves through the thin walls of _____ and enters the _____ and is carried by the _____. – Capillaries – Blood – Plasma Lesson 3 – How does your body get rid of cell waste • Carbon dioxide is _____ from the _____. – Exhaled – Lungs • Nitrogen wastes are removed by the _____, the main organ of the _____. – Kidneys – Excretory system Lesson 3 – How does your body get rid of cell waste • Each kidney has about _____ tiny _____ that filter _____ from the _____. – – – – One million Tubes Waste Blood • Your kidneys clean all of your _____ about _____ times every day. – Blood – 40 Lesson 3 – How does your body get rid of cell waste • These wastes form a liquid called _____. – Urine • It is temporarily stored in a baglike organ called the _____. – Urinary bladder Lesson 3 – How does your body get rid of cell waste • The cleaned blood moves through _____ in the kidneys into _____ that carry it back to the _____ which pumps the cleaned _____ throughout the _____. – Capillaries – Veins – Heart – Blood – Body Lesson 3 – How does your body get rid of cell waste • Even though your body needs water, it _____ some every day to prevent extra water from _____. – Excretes – Building up • You excrete water when you _____, in your _____, and by _____. – Exhale – Urine – Sweating Lesson 3 – How does your body get rid of cell waste • Water excretion helps your body keep a normal _____. – temperature