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Name________________________ Hour 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Date____________ Score______________ Stand 3 Obj 1 Ind E How Cells function in an Organism Quiz Directions: Read the following article and answer the questions that follow the article on the otherside of this paper. In the alphabet the basic unit is a letter. In living things the basic unit is a cell. The smallest living things that carry out all of the processes of life by themselves are cells. Two of the basic functions of cells are getting energy and getting rid of waste. Getting Energy When you are getting a little sleepy during the day, what do you do? Many people grab a candy bar or a soda. Why? One reason is they both contain sugar. We call this energy. Animals obtain energy by eating things. Anything that animals eat is digested and converted to sugars, the basic source of energy. Whatever you eat for energy gets converted to sugar. Now, we also need other things, like proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, and fiber. All the things we eat and need are actually used at the level of a cell. Each cell in your body needs energy, and when you eat foods your body breaks it down into smaller and smaller pieces until your cells can bring them into your body through the process of osmosis. This entire process of getting food and breaking it down and your cells using the energy is called digestion and respiration. Plants also need energy, but you don't often meet a sunflower getting a candy bar at a vending machine. Plants get their energy differently from animals. Plants have a special chemical in their cells called chlorophyll. This chemical, along with a cell organelle called a chloroplast, allows plants to use carbon dioxide, energy from sunlight, and water to make sugar. This process is called photosynthesis. Getting rid of waste All organisms have natural processes for getting rid of waste. When plants go through the process of photosynthesis, they give off oxygen as part of their waste. We use oxygen as we go through the process of respiration and get rid of is carbon dioxide by breathing out. Each cell in our body goes through these processes of obtaining energy and releasing waste. Our circulatory system helps move cell wastes so they can be removed by our kidneys and removed from our bodies. Our respiratory system, also helps to remove cell waste such as carbon dioxide gas, so it can be removed by our lungs and exhaled out of our bodies and replaced with fresh new oxygen. 1. What are the two basic functions of a cell? a. being small and very tiny b. support and size c. getting energy and removing waste 2. The diagram below illustrates the movement of materials into and out of a specific organelle within a plant cell. This process is vital for getting energy and getting rid of waste not only for each cell but for the whole organism (plant). The process illustrated occurs within which organelle? a. b. c. d. chloroplasts ribosomes mitochondria vacuoles 3. The green aquatic plant represented in the diagram below was exposed to light for several hours. Which gas is being excreted by the plant (as a waste product) and would most likely be found in the greatest amount in the bubbles? a. b. c. d. nitrogen carbon dioxide ozone oxygen 4. Plants can capture solar energy and carry on _________, a process that allows them to make their own food. a. adaptation b. photosynthesis c. evolution d. respiration 5. As the cells in our bodies get rid of waste, the waste products entire our blood stream and the heart pumps the blood through-out our body. Which of the following organs actually gets rid of the waste products our cells create? a. b. c. d. brain kidneys lungs both b & c 6. Humans get their energy from_______. a. b. c. d. sunlight absorption eating food gasoline 7. Cells are the basic unit of life. a. True b. False