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Fetal Pig Dissection – Structures and Functions Digestive System Canines • Tear at food Submaxillary Gland • Secretes saliva and mucous to form bolus Pharynx • Opening to esophagus Esophagus • Transfers food from mouth to stomach via peristalsis Digestive System Stomach • Mechanical and chemical digestion Pyloric sphincter • Controls gastric emptying Small Intestine Duodenum • Chemical digestion and absorption of nutrients Ileum • Wraps up aborption Digestive System Pancreas • Secretes digestive enzymes to duodenum Liver • Produces bile to emulsify fats Gall Bladder • Storage of bile Bile Duct • Transfers bile from gall bladder to duodenum Digestive System Colon (l. intestine) • Water absorption to produce feces • Bacteria to aid w/undigested food Rectum • Storage of feces prior to elimination Anus • Allows feces to exit the rectum Digestive System Spleen • Destruction of old blood cells • Stores RBC • Manufactures WBC Thymus • Produces hormones involved in the processing and maturation of special lymphocytes called Tcells • Replaced by connective tissue and fat during puberty Respiratory System Epiglottis • Covers trachea during swallowing reflex Trachea • Transfers air from nasal cavity to bronchi Larynx (vocal cords) • Voice resonance Bronchus • Transfer air from trachea to bronchioles/alveoli Respiratory System Lungs • Site of gas exchange b/w air and capillaries in the alveoli Diaphragm • Contracts to draw air into lungs Urinary System Kidney • Filtration, secretion, and reabsorption of blood Adrenal gland • Produces hormones Hilus • Entering into kidney for r. arteries, r. veins, and ureters Bladder • Temporary storage of urine Urinary System Urethra • Carries urine from the bladder to the urethral orifice Urinary System RENAL ARTERY HILUM Circulatory System Heart • Pumps blood to systemic and pulmonary circuits • Right ventricle – Receives from RA and pumps to pulm. Arteries • Left ventricle – Receives from LA and pumps to aorta • Right atrium – Receives blood from vena cava’s and coronary sinus • Left atrim – Receives bloood from pulm. veins Auricles • Increase volume of blood in the atria Epicardium • Protects the heart; outer covering Circulatory System External Jugular • Drains blood from the right side of head and neck region (sends to RA) Internal Jugular • Drains the head and deep regions of face and neck Common carotid arteries • Deliver blood to the brain Circulatory System Aorta • Receives blood from LV and delivers it to the systemic circuit Abdominal aorta • Main extension of the aorta that supplies the abdominal cavity and its many arteries A. Vena Cava (superior) • Drains blood from head, neck, and ventral portion of the body and returns blood back to the RA P. Vena Cava (inferior) • Drains blood from the abdomen and dorsal portion of body and returns it to the heart Circulatory System Umbilical artery • Delivers blood from fetus to placenta; deoxygenated Umbilical vein • Delivers blood from placenta to fetus; oxygenated Umbilical cord • Attaches to placenta; nourishes fetus Circulatory System Renal veins • Drains the kidneys; clean blood back to heart Renal arteries • Delivers blood to the kidneys; supplies oxygen and is cleaned of cellular wastes Circulatory System Pulmonary arteries • RA lungs Pulmonary veins • Lungs LA Subclavian artery • Major branch of aorta; supplies vertebral region and thyrocervical areas with blood Subclavian vein • Delivers blood to the superior vena cava from the vertebral and thyrocervical areas Circulatory System Femoral vein • Delivers blood from the thigh to the external iliac that joins the IVC to deliver blood back to heart Femoral artery • major artery of the leg; supplies many branches with blood for the thigh • Branches from the common iliac Anterior and posterior tibial arteries • Delivers blood to the lower leg and foot Reproductive System Ovary • Produces eggs Oviducts • Transfers eggs to uterus Uterus • Development of kits; divided to house a litter Vagina • Birth canal; receives penis and transfers semen to cervix/uterus Reproductive System Testis • Produce sperm Scrotum • Surrounds and protects the testes Epididymis • Collect and store maturing sperm cells Reproductive System Vas deferens • Transfers sperm from epididymis to urethra Seminal vesicle • Seminal fluid that contains fructose and prostaglandins Prostate gland • Milky fluid that contains enzymes and adjusts vaginal pH Reproductive System Penis • Transfers semen to vaginal canal