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30.2 Respiration and Gas Exchange
Sponge #2
• List the main parts and functions of
the respiratory system. (pg. 911-912)
–Include all parts in figure 30.1
(except sinus)
bronchi
bronchioles
alveoli
30.2 Respiration and Gas Exchange
• Nose and mouth are entry points
• Epiglottis regulates airflow into the
trachea- and keeps food from
blocking the airways
• Trachea is the major airway to the
lungs
• Lungs are organs that absorb
oxygen and exhale carbon dioxide
• Bronchi are bronchioles are small
airways
• Alveoli are main sites of gas
exchange
30.2 Respiration and Gas Exchange
KEY CONCEPT
The respiratory system exchanges oxygen and carbon
dioxide.
30.2 Respiration and Gas Exchange
Gas exchange occurs in the alveoli of the lungs.
• Oxygen and carbon dioxide are carried by the blood to and
from the alveoli.
– red blood cells- pick up oxygen in the lungs and delivers it
to all the body cells
– Remember: every cell produces CO2 and water as waste
alveoli
30.2 Respiration and Gas Exchange
• Breathing is regulated by the brain stem.
pons
medulla
oblongata
The medulla sends
messages through
the nervous and
endocrine systems
that stimulate the
diaphragm and rib
cage muscles to
work harder.
30.2 Respiration and Gas Exchange
Respiratory diseases interfere with gas exchange.
• Lung diseases reduce airflow and oxygen absorption.
– Emphysema destroys alveoli.
- Shortness of breath
– Asthma constricts airways.
– Cystic fibrosis produces sticky mucus.
30.2 Respiration and Gas Exchange
• Smoking is the leading cause of lung diseases.
30.2 Respiration and Gas Exchange
30.2 Respiration and Gas Exchange