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Blood
Blood
There are about 5 liters of blood circulating
within the average adult human body; the body
can replace blood loss within 24 hours.
Functions of the Blood
Sends life-sustaining nutrients, O2, and
hormones to all parts of the body.
Removes waste products to prevent toxic buildup.
Helps keep fluid volume within body tissues
stable and helps regulate body temperature.
Liquid & Cellular
Components
Plasma - (55% of the blood volume) consists of:
H2O
Proteins
Salts
Nutrients
Vitamins
Hormones
Liquid & Cellular
Components
WBC’s (White Blood Cells, Leukocytes) - protect
against disease and help fight infection
Granular
Neutrophils - remove unwanted particles and materials
from the blood
Eosinophils - kill parasites, help control inflammation and
allergic reactions
Basophils - release heparin to stop clotting, produce
histamine to cause the blood vessels to dilate, help control
inflammation, and kill parasites
Liquid & Cellular
Components
WBC’s (White Blood Cells, Leukocytes) - protect
against disease and help fight infection
Agranular or Nongranular
Monocytes - destroy large unwanted particles in the
bloodstream
Lymphocytes - essential to the immune system and
protect the body against the formation of cancer cells
Liquid & Cellular
Components
Platelets (Thrombocytes) - live for about ten days
and are essential for blood clotting
RBC’s (Red Blood Cells, Erythrocytes)
Hematocrit (Hct) - measurement of the percentage of
PRBC’s
RBC’s are produced in the bone marrow and circulate in
the body for about 120 days
Hemoglobin - a protein within the RBC and transports O2
to the cells in the body
Human Blood Types
A
B
AB - Universal Recipient
O - Universal Donor
Human Blood Types
In addition to the four blood types, there is a
positive and negative component in the blood,
known as the Rh factor. Rh+ (positive) blood
contains this factor, and Rh- (negative) blood
does not. The Rh factor is a type of antigen, or
substance that causes the body to produce
antibodies.