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Viruses Are they living things?!? Review • Which correctly identifies the organization of living things from least complex to most complex? • A. Community, Organism, Cell, Atom • B. Tissue, Ecosystem, Cell, Organ System • C. Molecule, Tissue, Population, Community • D. Atom, Organ, Community, Population Review • What 8 characteristics define living things? QuickTime™ and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture. What do viruses look like? • All Viruses – Capsid – DNA or RNA QuickTime™ and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture. • Some viruses – Envelop Comparison with a bacteria • Bacteria – Made up of cells – Get energy (metabolize) – Respond to stimuli – Reproduce asexually – Evolve • Virus – Not a cell--no cell membrane, ribosomes – No metabolism – ?Response to stimuli? – Reproduce using the cells machinery as a host – Evolve Bacteria vs. Viruses QuickTime™ and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture. QuickTime™ and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture. QuickTime™ and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture. • Bacteria can be treated with antibiotics that destroy the cell’s wall. – Ex. Penicillin to get rid of Strep throat! • Would antibiotics work on a sore throat caused by the common cold virus? Virus Reproduction • Lytic: Uses cell and destroys cell. • Lysogenic: Uses cell and hangs out inside until the right time to strike! QuickTime™ and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture. Chicken Pox QuickTime™ and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture. • Varicella virus • Lytic cycle--pox • Lysogenic cycle--can remain dormant and come back as shingles. • What does the vaccine do? Vaccines • Trick your immune system into producing a response to an antigen and make antibodies. • Can be for a virus or bacteria. QuickTime™ and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture. QuickTime™ and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture. What do antibodies do? • Antibodies make it easier for your body’s immune system to recognize and destroy pathogens before you get “sick” • “Memory” QuickTime™ and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture. Why vaccinate? Why not just treat the symptoms? QuickTime™ and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture. • If there is no host, the virus may no longer be able to exist. • Smallpox was eradicated in 1977 through a world-wide vaccination program. Types of Vaccines • Live, attenuated – Chicken Pox – MMR – Polio “drink” • Killed – Flu – Polio shot • Component – Hepatitis • Toxins – Tetanus – DPT (whooping cough) Quic kTime™ and a TIFF (Unc ompres sed) dec ompres sor are needed to see this pic ture. “Tricky” Vaccines • Influenza-– Why do we have to get a new one every year? – Why doesn’t it always work? QuickTime™ and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture. • HIV--Why don’t we have one? QuickTime™ and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture. Virus Question • Peer edit: – How many characteristics of life did they mention? – How many characteristics of life did they relate to the virus? – How many characteristics of life did they explain using example from a virus why the virus does or does not display the characteristic? – What could they add from what we talked about today to support 1-2 characteristics of life? What makes a good open response?