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Disease
 Disease does not
allow the body to
function normally.
 It can effect one
organ or an entire
system
Infectious Disease
 Caused by tiny organisms called pathogens
 Can be viruses, bacteria, fungi, or protists
 Can come from a person, contaminated object,
animal bite, or the environment.
 The immune system distinguishes between the
different types of pathogens and reacts according
to type
 Once pathogen is in the body, it can damage
individual cells in an organ or attack an entire
system
Types of Infectious Diseases
 Common cold
 Influenza
 Athlete’s Foot
 AIDS
 Strep Throat
Colds
 Caused by a virus in the respiratory system
 Once in the body, the virus multiplies and attacks
mucus membranes of nose and throat causing sore
throat, runny nose and fever.
 Because it is caused by a virus, it cannot be treated
with antibiotics.
FLU Influenza, known as “the flu”, is a highly
contagious viral infection on the respiratory
system.
 Causes fever, aches, and more severe cough than
the common cold and lasts longer
Athlete’s Foot
 A common fungal infection of the skin of the feet
 Can be contracted from public environments and then
it grows in the warm and moist environment usually
between the toes.
 Can be difficult to cure
AIDS
 AIDS- Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
 Caused by human immunodefiency virus HIV
 Virus attacks cells in the immune system making the
person unable to fight off other pathogens that may
attack the body.
Strep Throat
 A contagious disease caused by a bacterial infection
 Symptoms include fever, pain, redness and swelling of
throat and tonsils
 Symptoms can be mild or severe
Non-Infectious Diseases
 Not caused by pathogens in
the body
 Not spread from organism
to organism
 Caused by malfunctions in
the body systems that are
either inherited or caused by
environmental factors
A List of Non-infectious Diseases
 Diabetes
 Parkinson’s Disease
 Skin cancer
 Asthma
Diabetes
 A disease that results in glucose levels of the blood being
higher than normal
 Caused by a person’s inability to produce or use insulin
 The higher level of blood sugar results in other disorders of
the body such as an increase in problems with circulation of
the blood
 Diabetes can lead to kidney disease or heart disease or cause
vision problems
Parkinson’s Disease
*A disease of the nervous system that occurs
when certain nerve cells in the brain stop
functioning, affecting the muscular system.
*Symptoms are severe shaking and
disabilities involving movement
Skin Cancer
 A disease in which
skin cells found in
the outer layers of
the skin becomes
damaged
 Factors that lead to
skin cancer are
damaging ultraviolet
rays from the Sun,
tanning beds or
heredity
Asthma
 A disease that affects the lungs and
airways that deliver air in the lungs
 Causes periodic attacks of wheezing and
difficulty breathing
 Asthma attacks happen when the airways
become inflamed in response to a stimulus,
such as dust, mold, pets, exercise, and cold
weather
 Some attacks occur for no reason at all.