Download Composition of Blood Power Point

CELLS
INVOLVED
IN THE
IMMUNE
RESPONSE
A. HUMORAL
LIQUID PART
OF THE BLOOD
1)PLASMA
5% OF BODY
WEIGHT
MAINLY WATER
2) SERUM
PROTEIN PART OF
BLOOD, MORE
VISCOUS THAN
PLASMA
a)COMPLEMENT:
PROTEINS WHICH
LYSE ANTIBODY
COATED CELLS
b)ANTIBODIES:
GLYCOPROTEINS
WHICH BIND TO
ANTIGENS
B. CELLULAR
1)PLATELETS:
THROMBOCYTES
CLOT THE BLOOD
2) RED BLOOD
CELLS –
ERYTHROCYTES
RED BLOOD
CELLS CARRY O2
USE IRON IN
HEMOGLOBIN
3) WHITE BLOOD
CELLS LEUKOCYTES
FUNCTIONS:
1. PHAGOCYTOSIS
2. PRODUCE ANTIBODIES
3. CLEAN BLOOD
CLOTS
4. KILL CELLS
ON CONTACT
A.GRANULOCYTES
GRAINY CYTOPLASM
INFLAMMATORY
MEDIATORS
1.NEUTROPHILS:
50 – 70%
MOST ABUNDANT
100 BILLION
PRODUCED/DAY
ST
1
AT SITE OF
INJURY
DIAPEDESIS –
SQUEEZE THRU
CAPILLARIES
2. BASOPHILS
.5 – 1%
INCREASE IN
BACTERIAL/
VIRAL INFECTIONS
INFLAMMATORY
MEDIATORS –
RELEASE
HISTAMINE
HEPARIN
3. ESINOPHILS:
1 – 5%
INCREASE IN
WORMS,
ALLERGIES
KILL ON
CONTACT
DIGEST
EXTRACELLULAR
PARASITES
4. NATURAL
KILLER CELLS
KILL CANCER CELLS
FOREIGN GRAFTS
VIRUS INFESTED
CELLS
B. AGRANULOCYTES:
LACK A GRAINY
CYTOPLASM AND
ARE NOT
INFLAMMATORY
INITIATORS
1.MACROPHAGES
2. 2 – 6%
3. CALLED
MONOCYTES IN
CIRCULATION
4. FOLLOW
NEUTROPHILS TO
SITE
5. ANTIGEN
PRESENTING CELL
2. DENDRITIC
CELLS – ANTIGEN PRESENTING
CELL
COMMON AT
MUCUS
MEMBRANES
MAY ACTUALLY
PRESENT HIV
VIRUSES TO TH
CELLS
3. LYMPHOCYTES:
MAKE UP 20 – 30 %
A. T – LYMPHOCYTES
SPEND TIME
IN THE
THYMUS
DISCOVERED
IN THE 1950’S
AND 1960’S
MANY TYPES
1)T HELPER CELLS
AKA – CD4 CELLS
PRESENT
ANTIGENS TO
B CELLS
2)CYTOTOXIC T
CELLS – TCYTO
AKA – CD8 CELLS
LYSE CELLS ON
CONTACT – THIS
DESTROYS VIRUS
INFESTED CELLS
3)T REGULATORY/
T SUPPRESSOR
CELL – SLOW
DOWN IMMUNE
RESPONSE
PREVENT OVERKILL
4)T DELAYED TYPE
HYPERSENSITIVITY
CELL
INVOLVED WITH
DELAYED TYPE
ALLERGIES –
LIKE POISON
IVY, METALS
B –LYMPHOCYTES
OR B CELLS
PRODUCE ANTIBODIES
B CELLS THAT
PRODUCE
ANTIBODIES
ARE KNOWN
AS PLASMA
CELLS
USUALLY REQUIRE
ACTIVATION
THROUGH THE
T HELPER CELLS