Download Abnormal Psych

Chapter 5
Treatments for Abnormality
Copyright © 2007 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Psychological Therapies
Copyright © 2007 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Chapter 5
Copyright © 2007 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Psychodynamic Therapies
Therapeutic
Alliance
Working
Through
CounterTransference
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Free
Association
Concepts
Resistance
Transferenc
e
Copyright © 2007 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Humanistic Therapy
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Also known as person-centered therapy.
Client-centered therapy is the best known of
these therapies.
Chapter 5
Copyright © 2007 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Essential Ingredients of ClientCentered Therapy
1.
2.
3.
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The therapist communicates a genuineness in his
or her role as helper to the client.
The therapist shows unconditional positive regard
for the client.
The therapist communicates an empathic
understanding of the client by making it clear that
he or she understands and accepts the client’s
underlying feelings and search for self.
Copyright © 2007 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Behavior Therapies
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The behavioral assessment is the foundation
for behavior therapy.
Therapist works with the client to identify the
specific circumstances that seem to elicit the
client’s negative behavior or emotional
responses.
Chapter 5
Copyright © 2007 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Methods Used In Behavior
Therapies
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Removal of reinforcements
Aversion therapy
Relaxation exercises
Distraction techniques
Flooding or implosive therapy
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Copyright © 2007 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Methods Used In Behavior
Therapies, continued
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Systematic desensitization
Response shaping through operant
conditioning
Behavioral contracting
Modeling and observational learning
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Copyright © 2007 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Cognitive Therapies

Chapter 5
Assist clients in identifying their irrational
and maladaptive thoughts and replacing
them with more adaptive ways of thinking.
Copyright © 2007 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Techniques in Cognitive Therapies
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Challenge idiosyncratic meanings
Question the evidence
Reattribution
Examine options and alternatives
“Decatastrophize”
Fantasize consequences
Chapter 5
Copyright © 2007 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Techniques in Cognitive
Therapies, continued
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Examine advantages and disadvantages
Turn adversity to advantage
Guided association
Scaling
Thought stopping
Distraction
Labeling of distortions
Chapter 5
Copyright © 2007 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Chapter 5
Copyright © 2007 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Group Therapy Should Provide
Information and
advice for
members
Examples of
appropriate
conduct
Opportunities to
acquire and
improve skills
Information that
other people share
the same problem
Opportunities to
express feelings
and gain selfunderstanding
Chapter 5
A safe place to
take risks and
accept criticism
Opportunities for
growth and
personal
satisfaction by
helping others
Copyright © 2007 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Therapy for Groups and the
Community
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Must the therapist and the client come from the
same ethnic group or nationality?
How and when does it matter?
Must the therapist and the client be of the same sex
and gender?
How and when does it matter?
What values are important in each of these
questions?
Chapter 5
Copyright © 2007 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Factors of Successful Therapy
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A positive relationship with therapist
An explanation or interpretation of why the
client is suffering
Other factors
–
–
Chapter 5
Encouragement to confront negative emotions
An integrative approach
Copyright © 2007 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Biological Treatments: Drug
Therapies
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Antipsychotic Drugs
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Reduce symptoms of psychosis.
Examples: Thorazine, Clozaril,
Haldol
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Antidepressant Drugs
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Reduce symptoms of depression.
Examples: Parnate, Elavil, Prozac
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Lithium/Mood
Stabilizers
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Antianxiety Drugs
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Reduce symptoms of anxiety.
Examples: Lithobid, Cibalith-S
Reduce symptoms of anxiety.
Examples: Nembutal, Valium
Copyright © 2007 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Electroconvulsive Therapy
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An alternative to drug therapies in the
treatment of some disorders is ECT
(electroconvulsive therapy).
ECT consists of a series of treatments in
which a brain seizure is induced by passing
electrical current through the patient’s brain.
Chapter 5
Copyright © 2007 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Psychosurgery
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Prefrontal lobotomies were eventually
criticized as a cruel and ineffective means of
treating psychosis.
Psychosurgery declined after the 1950s,
rarely used today and only with the most
severe cases with patients who do not
respond to other forms of treatment.
Chapter 5
Copyright © 2007 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
The Social Impact of the Biological
Approach to Therapy
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What is the responsibility of the sufferer?
What side effects could produce unwanted social
harms?
Is there an ease to drugs that allows us to forget or
over-look other issues?
Are there alternatives within the biological approach
to therapy? What about herbs or holistic
approaches?
Chapter 5
Copyright © 2007 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.