Download Chapter 4: Spain Builds an Empire

DIFFERENT WORLDS COLLIDE
Places
Tenochtitlan
New Spain
Mexico City
Cuzco
Lima
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People
Moctezuma
Hernando Cortez
Dona Marina
Francisco Pizarro
Atahualpa
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Vocabulary
Conquistador
Ally
Conquest
Convert
Colonist
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The Aztecs Are
Conquered
Moctezuma and Hernando
Cortez knew of each other
even before they met in
1519.
Cortez was from Cuba and
arrived in Mexico nine
months before
Moctezuma
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The Aztecs Are
Conquered
The Spanish began
establishing colonies in
the Caribbean Sea
Stories told of great
riches in Mexico and
Cortez and others
wanted some of the
Aztec wealth
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The Aztecs Are
Conquered
Cortez was one of a group of
soldiers who became known
as conquistadors –
conquerors
Cortez faced a major
challenge in defeating the
Aztec
Cortez and his 500 men were
outnumbered by the Aztec
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The Aztecs Are
Conquered
Cortez did have a few
advantages over the
Aztec
Metal armor protected
the Spanish from the
Aztec’s stone weapons
The Spanish soldiers
had muskets – kind of
rifle
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The Aztecs Are
Conquered
Bullets could easily
pierce the cloth suits of
the Aztecs
Conquistadors also had
horses t hat frightened
the Aztecs
Native said, “the horses
ran like deer and could
catch anyone
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The Aztecs Are
Conquered
Cortez also had allies
An ally is a friend willing to help
in fight
The people Cortez met on the
way to Tenochtitlan did not want
to live under the Aztec rule
These people decided to help
Cortez defeat the Aztec
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The Aztecs Are
Conquered
One of Cortez allies was
an Aztec woman named
Dona Marina
She spoke several
Indian languages and
the Native languages of
Mexico
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The Aztecs Are
Conquered
Dona Marina helped
Cortez to persuade
thousands to join him
Dona Marina is
describe as “an
excellent person and
good interpreter
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The Aztecs Are
Conquered
An important ally for the
Spanish was the
disease of smallpox
Historians believe that
the Aztecs caught
smallpox after Cortez
arrived
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The Aztecs Are
Conquered
After their meeting in
1519, Moctezuma
agreed to let Cortez
stay in Tenochtitlan
After a year, the Aztecs
rose up and threw the
Spanish out of that city
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The Aztecs Are
Conquered
Moctezuma was killed
and Cortez escaped
Cortez returned in 1520
with many more Natives
as allies
In 1521 the mightiest
empire of the Americas
fell to the conquistadors
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Mexico City
One of the oldest cities in
the Western Hemisphere
Was built on the ruins of
Tenochtitlan
Today, archaeologists find
evidence of the ancient
Aztec capital right in the
center of the modern city
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Founding New
Spain
After the conquest of
the Aztec, the Spanish
destroyed Tenochtitlan
A conquest is the
capture or taking of
something by force
Smallpox continued to
take the lives of the
Natives of Mexico
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Founding New
Spain
In 1535 Spain
established the colony
of New Spain
The capital of New
Spain was Mexico City
Today Mexico City is the
capital of Mexico
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Founding New
Spain
Spanish officials set up
a government, made
laws, and build schools
and universities
Roman Catholic priest
came to convert
(change) native peoples
from their religions to
Christianity
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Founding New
Spain
Spanish leaders
discouraged native
peoples from sacrificing
people to their gods
Colonist came from Spain
Colonists hoped to gain
wealth by farming,
businesses and
gold/silver mining
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The Conquests
Continue
There was another
powerful native empire
to the south of Mexico
This was the Incas
The Inca controlled a
huge area of land in
western South America
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The Conquests
Continue
Ten years after the
conquest of Mexico,
Spain sent Francisco
Pizarro to conquer the
Incas
Pizarro captured the
Incan ruler Atahualpa in
1532
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The Conquests
Continue
In 1533, Pizarro
captured the Inca
capital city of Cuzco
By 1535 Pizarro
founded a new capital
called Lima in the
colony of Peru – today
Lima is still the capital
of Peru
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The Conquests
Continue
Conflict continued
between the Spanish
and the natives
Some natives fought
back only to face defeat
A new culture was born
– part Indian, part
Spanish
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