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The Civil War • As the war waged on, confederate victories outnumber union victories. • All but two battles were ever fought on northern soil Antietam and Gettysburg. • The South's success in this war was contributed to its many skilled leaders. The War Wages On Robert E. Lee • Was perhaps one of the greatest leaders and commander of the Confederate Army. • He was very loyal to the South and his men loved him. Robert E. Lee Stone Wall Jackson • One of the most influential leaders was general Stone Wall Jackson. Jackson's military feats had elevated him to near mythical proportions, in both North and South and his men worshiped him. • He was one of the greatest commanders and the South depended on his leadership to win battles. • War prisons were built to prevent soldiers from fight in the future. • These prisoners were held against their will until the end of the war. The War Wages On The Battle of Chancellorsville • The Battle of Chancellorsville will have a devastating effect on the south. • Although the battle waged on for four days and both the Union and the Confederacy lost many men. • The most devastating blow was when General Stonewall Jackson was accidentally shot by one of his men and died. • The camp was planned for a capacity of 10,000 prisoners, but with the breakdown in prisoner exchanges, which would have removed much of its prison population, its numbers swelled to more than 30,000. • As the number of imprisoned men increased, it became increasingly hard for them to find space to lie down within the vast pen. • The prisoners, nearly naked, suffered from swarms of insects, filth, and disease, much of which was generated by the contaminated water supply of the creek. Andersonville-Worst Confederate War Prison in the South Andersonville-Worst Confederate War Prison in the South Deadly Effects • During the 14 months it existed, more than 45,000 Union soldiers were confined here. Of these, almost 13,000 died from disease, poor sanitation, malnutrition, overcrowding, or exposure to the elements. • Andersonville prison ceased to exist when the War ended in April 1865. Andersonville • The commander of the prison asked for help to improve the conditions, but was repeatedly denied • He was later arrested and found guilty of murder and executed for this crime. Andersonville The Battle of Gettysburg • This is the greatest battle ever to be fought on the North American continent began • July 3, Confederate losses were 28,000 killed, wounded, or captured • Union casualties numbered 23,000 • Lee retreated to Virginia Outcome: 1. Union victory. • After the battle of Chancellorsville the 2. Marked the turning point of the war. south no longer had its stone wall. The south decide to invade the north 3. The Union will begin for the second time in the war’s winning more battles history in another effort to capture and the north moves Washington D. C. closer to Georgia soil. • The Battle of Gettysburg was perhaps 4. After the battle of the best known battle of the Civil War. Gettysburg, the south • Men on both sides showed extreme would never again courage and determination, making it invade the north. the bloodiest battle with the highest Gettysburg death toll. Ultimate Effect The battle of Gettysburg marked a major turning point of the war. The Gettysburg Address • The Battle of Gettysburg gave Lincoln the chance to urge the North to win the war and to uphold the democratic ideals in which the country was founded • He issued his famous Gettysburg Address. Gettysburg Battle of Vicksburg • During the Battle of Vicksburg the Confederate Army had to retreat. • When this happens the Union army gains control of the Mississippi River and cuts the South in two denying the South of precocious supplies from the West. Chickamauga The River of Death and Last Confederate Victory • The last major Confederate victory of the American Civil War. • Coming after defeat at Gettysburg and the loss of Vicksburg, Chickamauga gave Confederate supporters a last brief hope of victory. • On September 19-20, Union General Rosecrans led his troops against Confederate General Braxton Bragg seven miles south of Chattanooga at Chickamauga Creek. Bragg’s Army defeated the Union forces and forced the Union Army back into Tennessee. Battle of Chickamauga • Bragg did not follow up on the Union retreat and allowed the Union troops to regroup and maintain control of Chattanooga. • This gave the Union army access to many large rivers and the ability to control southern railway and block supply shipments to the south. Chickamauga The River of Death and Last Confederate Victory Chickamauga-Last Confederate Victory • By November 1863, General Ulysses Grant had arrived with more troops and recaptured Chattanooga, forcing Bragg to retreat south to Dalton. • Union casualties were around 16,200-Capture and Control Chattanooga • Confederate losses around 18,000-push the Union army out of Georgia. Union Capture and Control Chattanooga Why is the Battle of Chickamauga Remembered 1. The last major Confederate victory of the American Civil War. 2. It gave the Confederate Army hope of a victory. 3. Chattanooga falls into Union hands. Georgia Continues to Supply the War Effort • As the war waged on Georgia's soldiers fought everywhere • Farmers and slaves who chose to stay on plantations and work after the Emancipation Proclamation were raising food and rationing to provide supplies to the Confederate troops. • Factories made clothing, blankets and towards the end of the war guns, ammunition, saddles, etc. • Atlanta, Augusta, Columbus, Macon and Savannah were the main manufacturing centers Georgia Supplied the War Effort • Georgia had 1,400 miles of useable railway and it was by far the best system in the deep south. • Georgia was strategically located and was known as the “heart of the Confederacy” • The North needed to stop the “heart of the deep South” from beating and all attention turns towards devastating Georgia. Georgia’s Last Stand • Sherman declares TOTAL war on Georgia.