Download Class Notes - Mrs. Wilcoxson

The Civil War
• As the war waged on,
confederate victories
outnumber union
victories.
• All but two battles were
ever fought on northern
soil Antietam and
Gettysburg.
• The South's success in
this war was
contributed to its many
skilled leaders.
The War Wages
On
Robert E. Lee
• Was perhaps one of
the greatest leaders
and commander of
the Confederate
Army.
• He was very loyal to
the South and his
men loved him.
Robert E. Lee
Stone Wall Jackson
• One of the most influential
leaders was general Stone Wall
Jackson. Jackson's military feats
had elevated him to near
mythical proportions, in both
North and South and his men
worshiped him.
• He was one of the greatest
commanders and the South
depended on his leadership to
win battles.
• War prisons were
built to prevent
soldiers from fight
in the future.
• These prisoners
were held against
their will until the
end of the war.
The War Wages
On
The Battle of Chancellorsville
• The Battle of
Chancellorsville will have a
devastating effect on the
south.
• Although the battle waged
on for four days and both
the Union and the
Confederacy lost many men.
• The most devastating blow
was when General
Stonewall Jackson was
accidentally shot by one of
his men and died.
• The camp was planned for a
capacity of 10,000 prisoners,
but with the breakdown in
prisoner exchanges, which
would have removed much of
its prison population, its
numbers swelled to more than
30,000.
• As the number of imprisoned
men increased, it became
increasingly hard for them to
find space to lie down within
the vast pen.
• The prisoners, nearly naked,
suffered from swarms of
insects, filth, and disease, much
of which was generated by the
contaminated water supply of
the creek.
Andersonville-Worst
Confederate War
Prison in the South
Andersonville-Worst Confederate
War Prison in the South
Deadly
Effects
• During the 14 months it
existed, more than 45,000
Union soldiers were
confined here. Of these,
almost 13,000 died from
disease, poor sanitation,
malnutrition, overcrowding,
or exposure to the elements.
• Andersonville prison ceased
to exist when the War ended
in April 1865.
Andersonville
• The commander of the
prison asked for help to
improve the conditions,
but was repeatedly
denied
• He was later arrested
and found guilty of
murder and executed
for this crime.
Andersonville
The Battle of Gettysburg
• This is the greatest battle
ever to be fought on the
North American continent
began
• July 3, Confederate losses
were 28,000 killed,
wounded, or captured
• Union casualties numbered
23,000
• Lee retreated to Virginia
Outcome:
1. Union victory.
• After the battle of Chancellorsville the 2. Marked the turning
point of the war.
south no longer had its stone wall.
The south decide to invade the north
3. The Union will begin
for the second time in the war’s
winning more battles
history in another effort to capture
and the north moves
Washington D. C.
closer to Georgia soil.
• The Battle of Gettysburg was perhaps
4. After the battle of
the best known battle of the Civil War.
Gettysburg, the south
• Men on both sides showed extreme
would never again
courage and determination, making it
invade the north.
the bloodiest battle with the highest
Gettysburg
death toll.
Ultimate Effect
The battle of Gettysburg marked a major
turning point of the war.
The Gettysburg Address
• The Battle of
Gettysburg gave Lincoln
the chance to urge the
North to win the war
and to uphold the
democratic ideals in
which the country was
founded
• He issued his famous
Gettysburg Address.
Gettysburg
Battle of Vicksburg
• During the Battle of
Vicksburg the Confederate
Army had to retreat.
• When this happens the
Union army gains control of
the Mississippi River and
cuts the South in two
denying the South of
precocious supplies from
the West.
Chickamauga
The River of Death and Last
Confederate Victory
• The last major Confederate
victory of the American Civil War.
• Coming after defeat at Gettysburg
and the loss of Vicksburg,
Chickamauga gave Confederate
supporters a last brief hope of
victory.
• On September 19-20, Union
General Rosecrans led his troops
against Confederate General
Braxton Bragg seven miles south
of Chattanooga at Chickamauga
Creek. Bragg’s Army defeated the
Union forces and forced the Union
Army back into Tennessee.
Battle of
Chickamauga
• Bragg did not follow up
on the Union retreat
and allowed the Union
troops to regroup and
maintain control of
Chattanooga.
• This gave the Union
army access to many
large rivers and the
ability to control
southern railway and
block supply shipments
to the south.
Chickamauga
The River of Death and
Last Confederate Victory
Chickamauga-Last Confederate
Victory
• By November
1863, General
Ulysses Grant
had arrived with
more troops
and recaptured
Chattanooga,
forcing Bragg to
retreat south to
Dalton.
• Union casualties
were around
16,200-Capture
and Control
Chattanooga
• Confederate
losses around
18,000-push the
Union army out
of Georgia.
Union Capture and
Control
Chattanooga
Why is the Battle of Chickamauga
Remembered
1. The last major Confederate
victory of the American Civil
War.
2. It gave the Confederate Army
hope of a victory.
3. Chattanooga falls into Union
hands.
Georgia
Continues to
Supply the War
Effort
• As the war waged on Georgia's
soldiers fought everywhere
• Farmers and slaves who chose to
stay on plantations and work
after the Emancipation
Proclamation were raising food
and rationing to provide supplies
to the Confederate troops.
• Factories made clothing,
blankets and towards the end of
the war guns, ammunition,
saddles, etc.
• Atlanta, Augusta, Columbus,
Macon and Savannah were the
main manufacturing centers
Georgia Supplied the War Effort
• Georgia had 1,400 miles of
useable railway and it was
by far the best system in the
deep south.
• Georgia was strategically
located and was known as
the “heart of the
Confederacy”
• The North needed to stop
the “heart of the deep
South” from beating and all
attention turns towards
devastating Georgia.
Georgia’s Last Stand
• Sherman
declares TOTAL
war on
Georgia.