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Reconstruction
What was the period when the
federal government tried to
rebuild the South and restore
the Union after the Civil War?
•Reconstruction
Did Reconstruction lead to
the political, economic, and
social control of the South
by whites?
• YES!
Were the economic and
political gains made by former
slaves during Reconstruction
permanent or temporary?
•Temporary
What was Lincoln’s
view of
Reconstruction?
• Secession was illegal and the
Southern states had never
really left the Union
• Federal government should
quickly restore Southern states
that were loyal to the Union
• Federal government should not
punish the South
Did Lincoln want to
punish the South after
the war was over?
•No.
Who did Lincoln believe
should be in charge of
Reconstruction, the
President or Congress?
•The President
Who said, “With malice
towards none, with
charity for all…let us
bind up the nation’s
wounds…”?
• Abraham Lincoln
Who succeeded
Lincoln as
president?
•Andrew Johnson
Who did Johnson believe
should be in charge of
Reconstruction, the
President or Congress?
•The President
What group of
Republicans gained
control of
Reconstruction after
Lincoln’s death?
• Radical Republicans
Who were the Radical
Republicans?
• Republicans who
wanted to punish the
former Confederate
states for causing the
Civil War
Who did the Radical
Republicans believe should
be in charge of
Reconstruction, the
President or Congress?
•Congress
What two demands did
the Radical
Republicans make
during
Reconstruction?
• Refused to allow the
Confederate states to reenter
the Union until they had
undergone military
occupation
• Wanted to guarantee voting
rights and civil rights to
African-Americans
What two ideas did the
term military occupation
mean during
Reconstruction?
• Southern states were
under the rule of a general
in the U.S. Army
• Troops were stationed in
the South to keep order
Who were the
freedmen?
•Freed slaves
On what issue did
President Andrew Johnson
and the Radical
Republicans clash?
•Civil rights for the
freedmen
What action did the Radical
Republicans take against
President Johnson?
•Impeached Johnson
Define
impeachment.
• Bringing an official to
trial for misconduct in
office
Under the Constitution,
does impeachment
necessarily mean an
official is removed from
office?
•No.
Which house of
Congress can impeach
the president?
• House of
Representatives
Which house of
Congress can remove a
president from office?
•The Senate
Did the Radical
Republicans remove
Andrew Johnson from the
presidency?
•No.
What are the three
“Civil War”
Amendments?
th
• 13
th
• 14
th
• 15
th
13
Identify the
Amendment.
•Abolished (ended)
slavery
th
14
Identify the
Amendment.
• Gave citizenship to
African-Americans
• Guaranteed “equal
protection of the laws”
Identify the 15th
Amendment.
• Gave African-American
males the right to vote
What are the key words to
remember the three
Reconstruction
Amendments?
• 13th = Freedom
• 14th = Citizenship
• 15th = Vote
During the Civil War, what
were destroyed throughout
the South?
• Farms
• Railroads
• Factories
What two major Southern
cities lay in ruins at the end of
the Civil War?
• Richmond
• Atlanta
How did the Civil War
affect the South?
• South was the poorest
section of the nation.
How did the Civil War
affect the North and
Midwest?
• North and Midwest had
strong industrial
economies.
What transportation
improvement occurred
in 1869?
• First Transcontinental
Railroad
What did Ulysses S.
Grant do after the Civil
War?
• Served as president during
most of Reconstruction
• Did not want Radical
Republicans to be harsh with
former Confederates
• Supported rights for the
freedmen
• Against retribution (payback)
toward the defeated South
What did Robert E. Lee
do after the Civil War?
• Urged Southerners to reconcile
(accept defeat) and rejoin the
United States
• Served as president of
Washington College (now
Washington & Lee)
• Said education was important
to the nation’s future
What did Frederick
Douglass do after the
Civil War?
• Leading spokesman for AfricanAmericans in the nation
• Supported full equality for AfricanAmericans
• Called for the 14th and 15th Amendments
• Wanted the federal government to
protect the rights of the freedmen in the
South
• Served as American ambassador to
Haiti and held civil service (federal
government) jobs
What does one call the
group of people who cast
the official votes for
president and vice
president?
• The Electoral
College
How many electoral
votes does each
state have?
• 2 for senators + # of
representatives in
House
Identify the
Compromise of
1877.
• A political deal between
Southern Democrats and
northern Republicans
• Democrats supported
Rutherford Hayes’ election as
President and Republicans
ended the military occupation
of the South
What were two
results of the
Compromise of
1877?
• Former Confederates,
who controlled the
Democratic party,
regained power in the
South
• the “Jim Crow Era” soon
began
What was the “Jim
Crow Era”?
• The period (late 1800s to
mid-1960s) when the
Southern states required
racial segregation in public
schools, transportation and
other public facilities.
For what is “Jim
Crow” a synonym?
•Racial Segregation
What political rights did
African-Americans lose
during the “Jim Crow Era”?
• The right to vote
• The right to serve on
juries
Define racial
segregation.
•Separation of the
races
•In the South,
separation of blacks
and whites