Download Ch 18 Sec 2 - Old Tappan School

Ch 18 Sec 2
Congress Reacts to Black Codes
black codes—________________________________________________________________
How did black codes affect freedmen?
• Black codes granted some rights. African Americans could
_________________________________________________________________________________
• Black codes kept freedmen from gaining ____________and economic power. They forbade freedmen to _______________,
____________________, ________________________________________
• In some states, African Americans could work only as servants or _________________________. In others, they had to
sign__________________________________ for a year’s work.
How did Congress react to black codes?
• Angered by black codes, _______________________________ charged that Johnson’s lenient
_____________________________________ plan had encouraged the codes.
• Republicans were also angered by southern white______________________________ against freedmen.
• The Joint Committee on Reconstruction accused the South of trying to “____________ slavery . . . as long as possible.”
• When President Johnson ignored the report of the Joint Committee, members of Congress who were called
___________________________________ vowed to take control of Reconstruction.
Radical Republicans Gain Power
• Radical Republicans had two main goals.
• ___________________________________________________________________________.
• Ensure that freedmen _______________________________________________________.
• Radical Republicans needed the support of moderate Republicans. Most southerners were ____________________________.
Republicans could control both houses if ____________________________ from Congress.
• To combat the black codes, Congress passed ___________________________________________. It gave citizenship to African
Americans.
• Republicans proposed the __________________________________________________, which granted citizenship to all persons born in
the United States. It guaranteed citizens “equal protection of the laws” and said that no state could “deprive any person of life, liberty,
or property without ________________________________ of law.”
• In the Election of 1866, President Johnson_____________________________ the Fourteenth Amendment and urged voters to reject the
Radicals. Southern violence convinced many northerners that strong measures were needed, so they backed the
_________________________. Republicans won majorities in both houses of Congress.
• The period that followed the election is often called ________________________________ Reconstruction. Congress passed the first
Reconstruction Act in March 1867. It threw out state governments that had refused to ratify the
______________________________________________.
Ch 18 Sec 2
Reconstruction Plans
Plan
Ten Percent Plan
Wade-Davis Bill
Johnson Plan
Reconstruction Act
Republicans in Congress
(1864)
President Andrew Johnson
(1865)
Radical Republicans (1867)
Proposed by
President
Abraham Lincoln
(1863)
Conditions for
Former
Confederate
States to
Rejoin Union

_____________ •
_____________
_____________
____________ •

Must abolish
•
_____________
Majority of white men
•
must swear
___________
•
Former Confederate
volunteers ___________
Or _______
•
___________
____________ of white
men must swear loyalty
Must ratify
_____________
_____________
Former Confederate
officials ______
_____________
_____________
•
•
•
•
•
Must ___________ state governments
Must write new _________________
Must ratify _______
_________________
African American men must be
_________________
Andrew Johnson Impeached
• Because Johnson tried to limit the effect of Radical Reconstruction, Congress tried to remove him from office.
• On February 24, 1868, the House of Representatives voted to impeach, or bring _______________________against, Johnson.
• The President could be removed from office if ______________________ of the Senate found him guilty of “high crimes and
misdemeanors.” During Johnson’s trial, it became clear that he was not guilty of high crimes and misdemeanors.
• In the end, the Senate vote was 35 to 19 against Johnson—just o______________ shy of the two thirds needed to convict him.
The Civil War Amendments
Thirteenth Amendment
•
Bans __________________ throughout the United States.
Fourteenth Amendment
•
•
Grants citizenship to all persons born in the United States.
Guarantees citizens _________________________________. No state can deprive any person of life,
liberty, or property with due process of law.
Fifteenth Amendment
•
Forbids any state to deny any citizens the
_________________________________________________________________