Download 2nd_Semester_Review_Answers

nd
2
Semester
Exam Review
What is Dred Scott v.
Sanford? How did it impact
slavery?
Slaves were property, not
citizens, so they couldn’t use the
court system
Congress could not outlaw
slavery because that would be
taking away someone’s property
without Due Process… thus
violating the 5th Amendment.
Who are the following things
associated with?
• Supported secession
• Didn’t like politics but became president of
the Confederacy.
• Was originally from Mississippi
• Became a US Senator
Jefferson Davis
What was Abraham
Lincoln’s position on
secession and slavery?
He did not believe in
secession – he felt that it
would ruin the country. He
opposed slavery.
Who is Robert E. Lee as it
relates to the Civil War?
He was the Supreme Military
Commander of the
Confederate Army. He also
surrendered to Grant at the
Appomattox Court House.
Who is U.S. Grant as it relates
to the Civil War?
Supreme Military Commander of
the Union Army & accepted
surrender by Lee to end the war.
Who had the following
advantages and which war was
it in?
• A stronger Navy
• More manufacturing
• A much larger population
• A better economy
The Union during the Civil
War
Who had the following
advantages and which war was
it in?
• Knew the land
• Trying to preserve their way of life
• Better military commanders
• Able to fight a defensive war
The Confederacy during the
Civil War
What are the 5 main causes
for the Civil War
1.Compromise of 1850
2.Fugitive Slave Act
3.Kansas-Nebraska Act
4.Dred Scott v. Sandford
5.Harpers Ferry
What were the major battles
of the Civil War & why was
each important?
What is your mnemonic
device?
Fat Boys Shouldn’t Always
Give Veggies Away!
Fort Sumter – first shot fired of CW
Bull Run – first battle of CW
Shiloh – Union gained control of northern
Mississippi
Antietam – Single bloodiest day of CW
Fat Boys Shouldn’t Always
Give Veggies Away!
Gettysburg – turning point of war & where
Gettysburg address was issued by Lincoln.
Vicksburg – Union gains control of entire
Mississippi River & splits Conf. in 2
Appomattox Courthouse – Lee surrenders
to Grant & CW is officially over.
What were effects of the
Civil War on the nation, the
people, and on the South?
Nation – Economic problems – like
Panic of 1873, Contract System,
sharecropping (debt)
People – Social problems – like what to
do with 4 million freedmen (Freedmens
Bureau) & how to deal with the KKK
and Black Codes.
South – Trying to maintain way of life
(cash crops) but would become more
industrial over time.
FREE MEN VOTE!
13th Amendment – Freed all slaves
14th Amendment – Granted citizenship
to former slaves
15th Amendment – Gave voting rights to
African American males.
What was the main goal of the
Seneca Falls Convention?
To promote equal rights for
women
Which document
influenced Elizabeth Cady
Stanton?
The Declaration of
Independence
Who were the 4 reformers
and what did each do?
1.Sojourner Truth – Abolitionist who
was born a slave and wrote the
poem, “Ain’t I a Woman”
2.Harriet Beecher Stowe – Abolitionist
who wrote, Uncle Tom’s Cabin to
expose the cruelties of slavery in the
South.
3. Frederick Douglas – Abolitionist who
was the Editor of the newspaper North
Star. He was an escaped slave who
also wrote his own autobiography.
4. William Lloyd Garrison –
Abolitionist who wrote The Liberator
What were the reasons for
Manifest Destiny?
Economic Opportunity
Competition from Europe to
gain land in North America
New Markets for goods
Natural Resources
How was Manifest Destiny
accomplished?
Americans moving west:
“Go west young man, go west!”
The Missouri Compromise
The Mexican Cession
Through better transportation
(railroads)
The Annexation of Texas
The Louisiana Purchase
The Gadsden Purchase
What was the Mexican
Cession?
It was part of the Treaty of
Guadalupe Hidalgo which
ended the war with Mexico. It
recognized Texas as being
part of the US & the US
bought for $15 million 2
million square miles of
territory.
Who was the president at the
time of the Mexican Cession?
James K. Polk
What did the Indian Removal
Act do?
Gave President Jackson the
power to negotiate treaties
for resettlement with Native
Americans. Led to the Trail of
Tears.
Who is associated with the
following?
• Rise of the common man
• “To the Victor belongs the spoils”
• Vetoing the charter for the 2nd National
Bank
• Removing the Native Americans to
Oklahoma
• Was President during the Nullification
Crisis.
Andrew Jackson
What was the patronage
system?
“To the Victor Belongs the Spoils!”
When presidents give people
that have supported them key
positions in their new
administration.
Why was Andrew Jackson’s
election in 1828 important to
the development of politics?
It was more democratic
because more white males
could vote than ever before.
What were the effects of the
Missouri Compromise?
Slavery was allowed in certain
places of the Louisiana Purchase
land
Slave States and Free States
remained equal in Congress.
Helped fuel tensions leading to
the Civil War
What was the effect of the
Cotton Gin on the South?
It greatly increased slavery by
making cotton farming more
profitable.
Which industry saw the
biggest change from the
invention of the steam
engine?
The transportation industry
when trains started using
steam as power.
The Louisiana Purchase was
important because it….
We purchased the land from
France for $15 million.
It doubled the size of the US
&
Allowed the US immediate
access and control of the Port
of New Orleans.
What was the Supreme
Court’s ruling in Marbury v.
Madison?
The Supreme Court could
declare a law
unconstitutional, it gave them
the power of Judicial Review!
What is judicial review?
It allowed the US Supreme
Court to determine if a law
passed by Congress was
unconstitutional.
What was the route taken
by Lewis and Clark?
M-M-W
They went through
Missouri, Montana and
Washington
What were 2
accomplishments of
Thomas Jefferson’s
Presidency?
The Louisiana Purchase
&
Sent Lewis & Clark on their
expedition
What were the major battles of
the American Revolution &
why was each battle
important?
Tip: mnemonic device?
Lets Buy Some Yogurt
Lexington/Concord – “Shot heard round
the world” – 1st shot of the AR
Bunker Hill – Moral victory for America
Saratoga – Turning point in war – France
becomes an ally.
Yorktown – Britain surrenders to America.
What compromise allowed the
Federalists and the AntiFederalists finally agree to
ratify the Constitution?
The addition of a Bill of Rights
Before the Civil War… what
was the economy of the
South Based on?
Plantation agriculture (cotton)
using slave labor
Why was the invention of
interchangeable parts so
important?
It allowed things to be made
much quicker and with less
skill than if they were made
one piece at a time by hand.