Download American Civil War Final

The American Civil War
1861 - 1865
Leaders
Purpose
Causes
Aftermath
Advances in technology
Videos
Battles
Final Quiz
Purpose
The purpose of this lesson is to teach the student all
the facets of the American Civil War. In this lesson
the student can expect a number of informational
slides, a video, and at least one quiz. This lesson has
been tailored especially for students high school
aged and they will learn about the causes of the Civil
War, many important battles, what was resolved by
the fighting, and the affects of what happened in
the 1860’s has on today.
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Causes
Economic differences between the North and South
Centralized and Decentralized Government
Slavery
The Election of Abraham Lincoln
Sectionalism
Home
Causes of the Civil War Quiz
Battles
The Battle of Fort Sumter
The First Battle of Bull Run
The Battle of Antietam
The Battle of Shiloh
The Battle of Gettysburg
Sherman’s March to the Sea
Surrender at Appomattox
Home
Battles Quiz
Aftermath
Rebuilding
Death
Loss of Exports
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder
General Sherman’s Destruction
Home
Aftermath Quiz
Advances in Technology
Repeating Rifle
Ironclad
Submarines
Hand Grenades
Trench Warfare
Railroads
Home
Advances in Technology Quiz
Final Quiz
This test will be either multiple choice or fill in the blank.
For the fill in the blank question a word bank will be
provided.
This test will cover all material in this lesson, once
started you will not be able to go back and look at any
other slides until the test in completed.
Begin The Test
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Leaders
Abraham Lincoln
Union President
Jefferson Davis
Confederacy President
Leader Quiz
Ulysses S. Grant
General of the Union Army
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Robert E. Lee
General of the Confederate Army
Abraham Lincoln
Born: February 12, 1809; Died: April 15, 1865
16th president of the United States
President Lincoln sought to keep control of the succeeded states by issuing that
all states in the union send around 75,000 troops to help recapture the states.
Even in his darkest times at a president, Lincoln attempted to keep the Union
together because he knew that a strong presidency would keep the people of
America happy and not as concern. On September 22, 1862 Lincoln gave a
pivotal speech of his presidency, and that was the Emancipation Proclamation.
The order he gave did not free slaves, but made it illegal to own slaves in certain
areas of the country. Towards the end of the war Lincoln appointed Ulysses S.
Grant as the leader of the Union troops due to his service in the war thus far,
and due to his great leadership abilities and war strategies.
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Leaders
Jefferson Davis
June 3, 1808 - December 6, 1889
First President of the Confederacy
Starting off as a major general in the Confederate army, Jefferson Davis
soon was one of four men considered for the spot to become the president
of the Confederacy. Jefferson won the vote by a landslide, winning all votes.
Proud to be elected president, Davis’ real goal was to serve be a general in
the army, but he gladly accepted the presidency. Davis appointed general
Robert E. Lee to become general of all forces for the Confederate army in
June of 1862, this proved to be a very helpful and strategic move for Davis.
Upon surrender of the south, Jefferson Davis hoped form Virginia to North
Carolina to Louisiana, before finally coming to stop in Georgia. After being
captured Jefferson Davis spent the next three years in prison for treason.
Once being released from prison Davis lived on his plantation in Louisiana
until his death in 1889.
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Leaders
Ulysses S. Grant
April 27, 1822 - July 23, 1885
Started off as a volunteer that answered Lincoln's call to arms, then sought after a higher
ranking job rather than just a soldier. Many officers saw his passion for the service and made
him in charge of recruiting and training new soldiers. After a year or two of training he sought
more, he made a lasting impression on Washington and they soon promoted him to a field
command position. Many people doubted he would be a good leader due to the fact he really
had no formal military training like his opponent Robert E. Lee did, but Grant proved to be a
good tactical leader and led the Union army through several difficult battles. His leadership
through the war would prove to be enough for the American public to vote Ulysses S. Grant in
as the 18th president of the United States of America.
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Leaders
Robert E. Lee
January 19, 1807 - October 12, 1870
Not many know this about Robert E. Lee, but he opposed succession and actually supported the
Union, but loved his state of Virginia so much that he had no other choice but to fight for them
during the Civil War. Appointed as leader of the army early gave Lee an advantage to the North
due to the fact that their leader of the army was a revolving door and had many different leaders
before they finally came upon Ulysses S. Grant. Robert E. Lee was a well educated man that
studied at West Point Military Academy. The situation in the South grew so bad during the Civil
War due to low man power, Lee came up with the idea to arm and train slaves, with their
cooperation their families would be freed, and if the slave were to survive during the war they
would be freed once the war was over. Many opposed this idea initially, but later gave into the
idea knowing it was the only option. After the war Lee did not receive any punishment by the
law, but he did lose voting privileges, and some property. He lived in his Virginia house until his
death from a stroke in 1870.
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Leaders
Economic Differences Between The North and South
One of the top reasons for the succession of the south from the Union is the economic
differences between the two sides. The north, being a more industrial economy needed
different things than the south. Different rules and regulations affected the north more than
the south and vise versa. The south was more of an agricultural country that relied heavily on
the cotton plant. Most of the land in the south was used by plantations that would grow
cotton, and then export it to either other countries or to the North. The North was actually
one of the largest buyers of southern cotton before the war broke out. Although, having a
country that is virtually divided by their production is not good for the country as a whole
because laws imposed to benefit the more industrial companies in the North could in turn
hurt plantations in the south, and rules imposed on plantains could hurt the factories of the
North. This is just one of the many reasons as to why the Southern states succeeded from the
Union.
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Causes
Centralized and Decentralized Government
Since the beginning of the United States of America there's always been
two different sides of the idea. One side of the idea believes that since
things that happened in states are not like things that happen in other
states that each states should be in control of its own law, with the
government having a loose hold over each state. While the other side of
this argument believes that the only way for the country to operate
correctly and function properly is for a strong central government, and
the states had to follow all laws and acts placed down by the central
government. The North believed in the strong central government, you
can tell this by the way in which the North ran their government after
the split. While on the other hand, the South believed in strong state
power with a weak centralized government.
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Causes
Slavery
This reason really should be obvious, the North believed that slavery should be
abolished and there was no place for slavery in the modern era, while the South
believed in slavery and found it worked perfectly for their life style in the south.
Southern plantation owners would be able to purchase slaves at a cheap price
and not need to pay them any wages, where as if slavery were made illegal then
plantation owners would need to fork up money to each worker. The two
different life styles led to the slavery fight.
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Causes
Leaders of the American Civil War Quiz
#1
Who was the leading general of the Union Army?
A. Abraham Lincoln
B. Ulysses S. Grant
C. Robert E. Lee
D. George Washington Carver
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Leaders
Causes of the American Civil War Quiz
#1
Which side was more industrial?
A. North
B. South
C. Both
D. None
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Causes
Battles of the American Civil War Quiz
#1
What was the First battle of the Civil War
A. Appomattox
B. Gettysburg
C. Fort Sumter
D. Shiloh
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Battles
Aftermath Quiz
#1
Around how many people in total were killed in action? (both sides combined)
A. 300,000
B. 200,000
C. 215,000
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D. 245,000
Aftermath
Advances in Technology Quiz
#1
What were the iron sided ships called that both sides used?
A. Ironclad
B. Metal boats
C. Iron bottoms
D. Iron boat
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Advances in Technology
The Battle of Fort Sumter
April 12-13, 1861
Location: Charleston, South Carolina
The first battle of the American Civil War, this battle resulted in the victory for the
Confederate army. Fort Sumter was low on supply and resources, Confederate armies
bombarded the fort and used superior numbers to overwhelm the Union soldiers in the
fort. The confederate army drew the first blood in this bloody campaign. This attack
woke up northern citizens and they began to start to listen to president Lincoln’s call to
arms. After the battle the Union saw a dramatic increase in the amount of volunteers
for the army.
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Battles
The First Battle of Bull Run
July 21, 1861
Location: Prince William County, Virginia
In the First Battle of Bull Run was significant in the American Civil War due to
what happened during the war. The Union army planned to surprise the
Confederate army early in the morning, but it was anything but a surprise. The
union army planned to attack with a large sum of nearly 20,000 troops,
although the amount of troops would prove to be irrelevant due to the greater
leadership skills of the Confederate generals. This battle was the bloodiest
battle in American History up until that point in history with Union casualties
around 3,500 and Confederate casualties around 2,100.
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Battles
The Battle of Antietam
September 17, 1862
Location: Sharpsburg, Maryland
The single bloodiest day in American history, the battle of Antietam gave the United
States more than 23,000 casualties. The battle all started with the Union army,
commanded at that time by general George B. McClellan, in pursuit of the
Confederate army. The Confederate army led by general Robert E. Lee made it into
Union territory, but only into Maryland where they were met by Union forces.
Similar to the Battle of Bull Run, the Union far out matched the Confederate in
amount of soldiers, but the Union army was not led by the best tactical general.
Robert E. Lee led many counter attacks and almost defeated the Union army, but
the sheer amount of force provided by the Union army proved to be too much for
the South, and the North eventually won the bloodiest battle in American History
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Battles
The Battle of Shiloh
April 6 - 7, 1862
Hardin County, Tennessee
The battle started off when the Confederate army attempted to surprise attack the Union
army and tried to drive them into the swamps of Tennessee. For the first say of battle, the
Confederate army proved to be stronger, and hoped that their army could defeat the Union’s
before back-ups came. The whole first say the Union army took a beating, but once the
reinforcements arrived for the Union the mood of the battle switched, and the Union forces
began fighting back and taking over the Confederate attackers. This proved to be one of the
most important battles in the war due to the Union fighting off the Confederate on their
own soil for the first time.
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Battles
The Battle of Gettysburg
July 1-3, 1864
Location: Adams County, Pennsylvania
Often considered one of the most important battles in the Civil War. The Battle of Gettysburg
was a turning point in the war, after Lee and the Confederate army won battles in their
Northern invasion they moved to take control of Gettysburg, although the Union forces had
other plans in their head. The Union general, George G. Meade out smarted Robert E. Lee and
found a way to crush the hopes of the invading Confederate army. The Union needed a way to
dampen the South's mood since they were on such a high, but since they met a crushing defeat
in Gettysburg, the South was shaken, and knew they were soon close to defeat, their most
recent campaign had sucked all the life out of them, and everyone was getting tired. Lee knew
his men were close to losing it and this was his one final stand to raise the morale. The
campaign resulted in a Union victory, and the South's hopes being crushed.
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Battles
Sherman’s March to the Sea
November 16, 1864 - December 21, 1864
Location: Georgia
The march started in Atlanta, GA and went to Savannah, GA. General Ulysses S. Grant
said “I believe the only way for the South to surrender is if their strategic, economic, and
physiological capacity for warfare were decisively broken.” Sherman took this quote to
heart and destroyed everything in his path from Atlanta to Savannah. In his march
Sherman destroyed everything in sight, from farm houses to crops to whole towns. His
march was meant to destroy everyone's morale in the South.
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Battles
Surrender at Appomattox
April 9, 1865
Appomattox Court House, Virginia
The Final battle of the American Civil War, fought at the Appomattox Court House,
the Union forces drove back the Confederate forces to their last strong hold, and
fought them until general Robert E. Lee gave the surrender to Ulysses S. Grant.
The Confederate forces knew they were done, and did not make this battle too
bloody. This marked the end of the American Civil War, and began a new chapter
in the U.S. history.
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Battles
Repeating Rifles
The repeating rifle was a huge asset to troops during the Civil War. The soldier
using the gun could fire multiple rounds in a minute, where as with the non
repeating rifles the soldier would fire one shot, and have to manually reload his
weapon which could take several minutes. The rifles that started off were
generally used with cartridges that would have a spring that loaded the bullet
into the chamber, but later rifles used lever action to load the weapon. The
repeating rifle revolutionized warfare by speeding up the firing process and
allowed for soldiers to attack and defend more aggressively. With this different
type of firing power new tactics were made to accommodate the soldiers using
these weapons.
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Technologies
Ironclads
Ironclad battle ships were the beginning of the modern day steel ships.
Before the Civil War all ships were made of wood and therefore not nearly as
strong against cannon fire. The first idea for a steel war ship came from an
engineer in the North named Johann Schmitt, he had the idea to attach steel
plates onto the hull of old war ships. Ironclads were heavily armored and
carried large amounts of fire power. A Confederate ironclad even had a ram
attached to the front so that their ship could just ram into wooden ships and
cause massive amounts of damage. Possibly the most famous battle of an
ironclad was when the Union and Confederate ironclads met. Both ships
traded fire for hours until the Union ironclad, The USS Monitor won the
battle. Ironclads faded out towards the start of WWI when the U.S. state
department transitioned from wood hulls to all metal hulls.
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Technologies
Submarines
Submarines were thought of before the Civil War, but it was
not until the Civil War that scientists had the technology
available to produce a working submarine. The submarines
used during the Civil War were not necessarily used to attack
other ships, but were either used to transport people through
blockades, or to clear obstacles in the water that might
damage ships passing through. It was not until later on
towards the end of the war that either side used a submarine
as an attack ship, the first reported sinking of a ship by a
submarine was done C.S.S Hunley.
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Technologies
Hand Grenades
Prior to the civil war, armies really did not have the intelligence and
resources to create grenades. The civil war was the first time that both
armies involved in a war used hand grenades on a regular basis. The
North armies used the type of hand grenade above that had the
weighted front end with the tail. This is due to the fact that the grenades
used by the North were plunger grenades, the type of grenade that
explode of impact, the weighted front and extended tail ensured that the
plunger would hit on impact and explode other than the tail hitting the
ground first and not exploding. On the other hand, the South used
sphere grenades that had a fuse and would be lit and thrown towards
the target.
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Technologies
Trench Warfare
Before the Civil War most of the fighting done was in lines with each time side
taking turns firing at each other. Although, during the Civil War both sides
began using a new style of fighting. The new style of fighting was trench
warfare, during the Civil War, both sides began using this style which decreased
the number of casualties, but also increased the amount of time that each
battle took.
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Technologies
Railroads
Before the Civil War railroads were not used quite as much. The Civil War made the
use of railroads more available, and the railroads also allowed the armies to supply
their troops with new resources and new troops regiments. The North had more use
of the railroads due to their more industrial nature, and more need for railroad in
industrial factories. The South still had railroads, but the railroads in the South were
not as useful, and there was nearly the same amount in the south as in the north.
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Technologies
The Election of Abraham Lincoln
The election of president Abraham Lincoln is regarded as really the last
straw as to why the Civil War started and the southern states succeeded.
Southerners did not like the way that Abraham Lincoln was running his
campaign and did not like the beliefs that he was running with. After being
elected many southerners grew angry with the way the government was
run, and they saw no change any time in the near future, therefore they
saw the only way to change the government was to succeed, and start
their own country.
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Causes
Sectionalism
In the United States around the 1860’s was a very different place than it is today.
Although the North and South may seem to be different places now, but during
the Civil War time both sides were completely different. The North being a much
more industrial side with goods being their main focus needed different things
than the South who was more focused on agriculture. Both sides needing
different things, and both sides believing different things brought a separation
between the two sides.
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Causes
Rebuilding
One of the hardest parts after the Civil War was the rebuilding. Most of the
south was destroyed during the war considering that many of the battles done
during the war took part in the south. It took many years after the Civil war to
completely rebuild many of the cities and towns that were destroyed during
battle. A lot of the resources were also destroyed during the war or used
during the war, therefore it took many years for the south to rebuild.
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Aftermath
Death
The American Civil War is the deadliest battle in American history due to the fact that
both sides fighting were American. This war went down in history as one of the most
tragic fights because family members were fighting family members. The body toll was
breath taking. For the North, there was 140,414 killed in action, 365,000 total deaths, and
275,200 wounded. In the South, 72,524 killed in action, 260,000 total deaths, and 137,000
wounded. In all around 215,000 Americans lost their life in battle.
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Aftermath
Loss of Exports
For southern states whose main economy is stemmed from agriculture, having all
their crops destroyed does not help their future growth. Also, during the war the
Northern states put a blockade around the south, not allowing the southern states
to export their good to other countries in Europe or South America. Having this
loss of exports did not allow southern states to grow during the war, fund their war
effort, or allow for their growth after the surrender. Thankfully, after the war
ended the north helped out the south to rebuild.
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Aftermath
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder
After the war ended, there was several soldiers who took the tolls of the war
hard. It was not until the war was over that the real tolls of the war set in on
some of the soldiers. For years they were killing their own people, their
neighbors and other Americans. They were doing it for what seemed right at
the time, although after the war was over many if nor most of the troops
involved in the war took to depression and hard times down the road. After
battling for nearly four years, and fighting for your home land, a lot can
happen mentally to someone. Not only was the battles bad, many soldiers
returned home to broken families or displaced families because they lost their
house in a battle or an army destroyed it. These factors too led to the
devastating effects of post traumatic stress disorder.
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Aftermath
General Sherman’s Destruction
At no other point in history has one mans army destroyed so much in
such a short time. General William Tecumseh Sherman’s army was
given orders to march from Atlanta , GA to Savannah, GA and destroy
everything in their path. There was no stopping the army they
destroyed everything in their way it didn’t matter if it was a farm house
or a military outpost, it was destroyed. Sherman’s army also burnt
farms down and killed off all livestock so the army could be fed, and the
southerners did not get the food. After the march and after the war all
that land and destruction was left in ruble. The south barely had any
money to rebuild their cities, and many of the resources were devoted
to other rebuilding projects.
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Aftermath
Correct!!!!
Ulysses S. Grant was the Leading general of the Union Army!!!
Quiz Home
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Leaders of the American Civil War Quiz
#2
What did Jefferson Davis want to be instead of President of the Confederacy?
A. Peasant
B. General
C. Farmer
D. Judge
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Leaders
Correct!!!!
Jefferson Davis actually wanted to be a general in the Confederate army, but accepted the
offer to become president!!!
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Leaders
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Correct!!!!
The North was more Industrial than the South!!!
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Causes of the American Civil War
#2
Which side believed in a weak central government and stronger states rights?
A. North
B. South
C. Both
D. Neither
Correct!!!!
You are so right!! the South did believe that the National government should be
weak, while the states had strong governments!!!
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Causes
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Correct!!!!
The battle of Fort Sumter was the first battle of the Civil War! it was fought on April 12-13, 1861
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Battles of the American Civil War
#2
What general led a march from Atlanta to Savannah?
A. Grant
B. Lee
C. Sherman
D. Lincoln
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Battles
Correct!!!!
It was General Sherman who led his men on a devastating march from Atlanta to Savannah!!
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Correct!!!
You are right! nearly 215,000 American soldiers were killed in action during the Civil War. This is
marked as the deadliest war in American History
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Aftermath Quiz
#2
What was the disorder called that many soldiers got after the war?
A. Postpartum Depression
B. Schizophrenia
C. Post Traumatic Stress Disorder
D. Mentally Crazy
Correct!!!!
You’re right!! the condition most of the soldiers returned home with was called Post Traumatic
Stress Disorder also known as PTSD
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Aftermath
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Final Test
Question #1
Who was president of the United States of America during the American
Civil War?
A. Jefferson Davis
B. Abraham Lincoln
C. George Bush
D. Bill Clinton
Correct!!!!!
Abraham Lincoln was president during the civil war! we has the 16th president of the United
States!
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Question #2
The Battle of Fort _________ was the first battle of the civil war.
A. Knox
B. Sumter
C. Harrison
D. Gettysburg
Correct!!!!
The Battle of Fort Sumter was the first battle of the civil war, it took place on April 12-13, 1861
Next Question
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Question #3
Which was not a cause of the Civil War?
A. Slavery
B. The election of Abraham Lincoln
C. Prohibition
D. Centralized and Decentralized Government
Correct!!!
Prohibition was not a cause of the American Civil War!!!
Next Question
Incorrect!!
This is a reason for the civil war starting!
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Question #4
The surrender at ____________was the final battle of the American Civil
War
A. Appomattox
B. Gettysburg
C. Charlestown
D. Yorktown
Correct!!!
The Surrender at Appomattox was the final battle of the Civil War!
Next Question
Incorrect!!
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Question #5
________ was the South's main crop
A. Corn
B. Wheat
C. Cotton
D. Soy Beans
Correct!
Cotton was the main cash crop from the south!
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Question #6
What general led a march of destruction from Atlanta to Savannah?
A. General Grant
B. General Sherman
C. General McNamara
D. General Lee
Correct!!!
You’re right! It was General Sherman who led a destructive march from Atlanta, GA to Savannah,
GA!
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Question #7
The North used what type of grenade during the Civil War?
A. Plumber
B. Plunger
C. Percussion
D. Sphere
Correct!!!
You’re right!! The North used the plunger grenade that would explode on impact.
Next Question
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Question #8
_________were heavily armored ships that had iron plating on the sides.
A. Steelclad
B. Ironclad
C. Ironship
D. Ironsides
Correct!!!
You’re Right! The ships that had iron plating on the sides were called Ironclads.
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Question #9
What was the northern most battle fought during the Civil War?
A. Shiloh
B. Chancellorsville
C. Gettysburg
D. Fort Sumter
Correct!!!
Gettysburg was the northern most fought battle during the civil war!!!
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Question #10
What year did the civil war end?
A. 1861
B. 1864
C. 1865
D. 1866
Correct!
You’re right! The civil war ended in the year 1865 when General Lee surrender at Appomattox!
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You’re Done!!
You now know more about the civil war!!!
Return Home
Correct!!!
The iron sided boats were called ironclads!!!
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Advances in Technology Quiz
#2
What invention allowed for soldiers to shoot multiple bullets in a short amount of time?
A. Repeating Rifle
Machine Gun
C. Shot gun
D. Sniper rifle
Correct!!!
The repeating rifle was created and allowed soldiers to shoot more bullets
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A brief history of the American Civil War
In Modern Times
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Videos
History of the Civil War
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Videos
Videos
A Brief History of the Civil War
History of the Civil War
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