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Chapter 8 Study Guide Chapter 8 Study Guide 1. Each muscle is an organ, comprised of skeletal __________ tissue, several ______________ ____ tissue coverings, ____________________ tissue to cause it to contract, and ____________ to nourish it. 1. Each muscle is an organ, comprised of skeletal __________ tissue, several ______________ ____ tissue coverings, ____________________ tissue to cause it to contract, and ____________ to nourish it. 2. The muscle has several dense connective coverings. Layers of dense connective tissue, called _____________, surround and separate each muscle. This connective tissue extends beyond the ends of the muscle and gives rise to cord like ____________________ that are fused to the periosteum of bones. 2. The muscle has several dense connective coverings. Layers of dense connective tissue, called _____________, surround and separate each muscle. This connective tissue extends beyond the ends of the muscle and gives rise to cord like ____________________ that are fused to the periosteum of bones. 3. Sometimes muscles are connected to each other by broad sheets of connective tissue called ____________________________. Each muscle cell (fiber) is covered by a connective tissue layer called ___________________________. 3. Sometimes muscles are connected to each other by broad sheets of connective tissue called ____________________________. Each muscle cell (fiber) is covered by a connective tissue layer called ___________________________. 4. Within the sarcoplasm are many perpendicular myofibrils composed of smaller filaments called myofilaments. These myofilaments are actually two types of filaments, a thicker filament composed of the protein __________________ and a thinner mostly made of the protein _____________________. 4. Within the sarcoplasm are many perpendicular myofibrils composed of smaller filaments called myofilaments. These myofilaments are actually two types of filaments, a thicker filament composed of the protein __________________ and a thinner mostly made of the protein _____________________. 5. What is acetylcholine? Describe it’s action. ______________________________________________ ______________________________________________ ______________________________________________ ______________________________________________ ______________________________________________ 6. Describe the function of acetylcholinesterase. _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ 5. What is acetylcholine? Describe it’s action. ______________________________________________ ______________________________________________ ______________________________________________ ______________________________________________ ______________________________________________ 6. Describe the function of acetylcholinesterase. _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ 7. Briefly describe the cross-bridge cycle. _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ 8. What are striations and what causes them? _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ 7. Briefly describe the cross-bridge cycle. _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ 8. What are striations and what causes them? _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ 9. What is an oxygen debt and what does it lead to? _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ 9. What is an oxygen debt and what does it lead to? _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ 10. There are _________ muscles in the face. It takes __________ muscles to smile and 40 to frown. The ____________________________ is the largest muscle in the body. The ___________________ is the longest muscle in the body. The ________________ is shaped like a triangle. 10. There are _________ muscles in the face. It takes __________ muscles to smile and 40 to frown. The ____________________________ is the largest muscle in the body. The ___________________ is the longest muscle in the body. The ________________ is shaped like a triangle. 11. ____________________________-forehead _______________________________-over cheeks _______________________________-turns head _____________________________-inner thigh ______________________________-anterior upper leg _____________________________-anterior upper arm ____________________________-sits above shoulder _______________________________-covers shoulder _______________________________-side muscles ______________________________-’stomach’ muscles _______________________________-open/close eyes _______________________________-chest muscles ____________________________-posterior upper arm _____________________________-posterior upper leg _____________________________-calf muscle ***All of these muscles and any additional muscles on the labeling sheet will be on your test*** 11. ____________________________-forehead _______________________________-over cheeks _______________________________-turns head _____________________________-inner thigh ______________________________-anterior upper leg _____________________________-anterior upper arm ____________________________-sits above shoulder _______________________________-covers shoulder _______________________________-side muscles ______________________________-’stomach’ muscles _______________________________-open/close eyes _______________________________-chest muscles ____________________________-posterior upper arm _____________________________-posterior upper leg _____________________________-calf muscle ***All of these muscles and any additional muscles on the labeling sheet will be on your test*** Diseases and Disorders: study your notes and be able to answer questions about each of these Diseases and Disorders: study your notes and be able to answer questions about each of these -Botulism -Tetanus -Muscular Dystrophy -Side effects of anabolic steroids -Botulism -Tetanus -Muscular Dystrophy -Side effects of anabolic steroids
