Download Civil war - Galena Park ISD

SLAVES:
•Economic – gang force labor
in fields, Manifest Destiny
opened rich new lands (more
slaves were needed)
•Social – treated as property,
dehumanized, deprived of
African name and culture,
cruelty
•Political: South, no rights,
Political power in white
South was based on how
many slaves one owned.
North, slavery was gradually
abolished after the
Revolutionary Ward
•Westward expansion
caused heated debates
over slavery
Free Blacks
•Economic – worked as
domestics, artisans, laborers
and sailors
Social – African Methodist
and Baptist Churches were Political: Black national
conventions, eight states sent
the central focus
black delegates to the 1853
convention, limited freedom due to
prejudices, regulated by slave
codes.
Most famous African
American who played a role
in the abolitionist movement
•Escaped from slavery
•Published the “North Star”
(antislavery newspaper)
•Wrote an autobiography
Narrative of the Life of
Frederick Douglas
Supreme Court case struck down
Missouri Compromise allowing slavery
to expand in the “free territories” of the
North and West
Scott was a slave who
was forced to accompany
his master from Missouri
to a free territory
Scott sued for his freedom in the new
territory
Chief Justice ruled that
Scott was property not
a citizen
Importance: Big step
leading toward Civil
War
1860 – 16th President of the U.S.
South Carolina was the first state to
secede from the Union because
Lincoln was a Republican and
associated with the abolitionist cause
Believed the states had never legally left
the Union
Assassinated 1863 by John Wilkes
Booth
North wanted strong
central government while
the South wanted states’
rights
Slavery was the major issue
North prevailed
Brilliant general of the
Confederate Army
His defeat at the Battle of
Gettysburg was the
turning point of the war in
favor of the North
Lee surrendered to Grant at
Appomattox Court House in 1865
Union’s top general in
the Civil War
1868 – President of the United
States
Presidency marred with corruption
and scandals
Site of first shots of the Civil
War
Significance: North Carolina,
Tennessee, Virginia, and Arkansas
seceded
Former Senator
from Mississippi
1861 = elected first
president of the
Confederacy
Struggled to unify the
southern states under a
central government
President Abraham Lincoln
Freed all slaves in states that were
rebelling against the Union
Effect: Many African Americans
rushed to join the union army
Involved most soldiers and
produced most deaths in the
Civil War
Site of Lincoln’s famous
Gettysburg address
Turning point of Civil War in
favor of the North
Part of the Anaconda Plan
Union took control of the
Mississippi River cutting the
South off from the West
Stressed concept
of national unity
Denied secession’s
legality
Promised not to interfere
with slavery in border
states where slavery
existed
Stated, “Malice
toward none;
charity for all”
Period after the Civil War known as radical Reconstruction
The South was in political, social and economic turmoil
and eleven states had suceded.
1865 – Freedmen’s Bureau
was established to assist
former slaves with food,
medical care, schools and
resettlement
1865-South created the black
codes. These restricted
blacks rights to own property,
established a curfew, and
forced blacks to work as
agricultural laborers. The
Civil Right Act of 1866
eliminated these codes.
13th, 14th, and 15th
Amendments
After federal troops
withdrew from the South,
blacks again became
second-class citizens. It
would not be until the civil
rights movement in the
1960s that this would
change.