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The Civil War
In correlation with Virginia’s 6th Grade Social Studies Standards of Learning
By: Katie Tardiff, Speech-Language Clinician
Crestwood Elementary School
TIMELINE

The Civil War lasted from 1861 until 1865. The
southern states wanted to have their own nation
and to be free to decide what laws to have. The
north did not want the country to be broken
apart.
1861
* South secedes from the Union
* Confederate troops attack Ft.
Sumter, SC
* First Battle of Manassas (Bull
Run)
1863
* President Lincoln writes the
Emancipation Proclamation,
stating that all slaves should
be freed
* Battle of Vicksburg
* Battle of Gettysburg
1865
* General Lee
surrenders to General
Grant at Appomattox
Court House
A Nation Divided


Life in the Northern and Southern states was different in
many ways. These differences often caused conflicts and
divided the nation.
The Northern States were called Union States, while the
Southern States were called Confederate States
What Were the Differences?
1. CULTURAL DIFFERENCES:
The people of the North and South did not agree on social
and political issues
The North-- an urban society
in which people held jobs
The South-- an agricultural
society in which people lived
in small villages and on farms or
plantations
2. ECONOMIC DIFFERENCES

The North and South
did not agree on the
use of tariffs. A tariff
is an added price or
fee that you must pay.
The North– liked tariffs
because they protected factory
owners and workers from
competition in other countries
The South– against tariffs
* Planters were afraid that
England might stop buying
cotton from the South if tariffs
were added.
3. ROLE OF GOVERNMENT

The North believed in
a strong central
government that would
govern all of its states

The South wanted
each state to have the
right to make its own
laws
4. SLAVERY

The North believed
that slavery was
morally wrong and
should be abolished
(stopped forever)

The South believed
that the abolition of
slavery would destroy
the nation’s economy
Compromises
•
•
Compromises had to be made
There were three compromises
•
•
•
•
Missouri Compromise – 1820
Compromise of 1850
Kansas-Nebraska Act – 1854
While we go through these compromises make a
foldable to help you study!
Missouri Compromise


Any new territory
added north of an
imaginary line would
be free.
Everyone to the
south of that line
would be in slave
states
Compromise of 1850

California would be a
free state in exchange
for the Southwest
Territories being
allowed to decided
for themselves
whether or not to
allow slavery
Kansas-Nebraska Act-1854


Decided whether or
not states would be
slave states by
popular sovereignty
Allowed people in
each state to vote to
decide whether to
allow slavery or
forbid it
Your task



Add color and picture to your foldables
Then work on the Missouri Compromise map
sheet in groups
What you do not finish is your homework
SECEDING FROM THE UNION

Abraham Lincoln was elected the 16th
President of the United States in 1860.
Lincoln and many Northerners believed
that the United States was one nation that
should not be separated or divided. Most
Southerners believed that states had
freely created and joined the union and
could freely leave it.

In 1861, the Southern states began to
secede (leave) the union. They formed
their own nation and called themselves
The Confederate States of America.
Abraham Lincoln
The 16th President of the U.S.
THE UNION
States that seceded
from the Union:

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








Alabama
Arkansas
Florida
Georgia
Louisiana
Mississippi
North Carolina
South Carolina
Tennessee
Texas
Virginia
States remaining in the Union:
Border states (slave states):
Delaware
Kentucky
Maryland
Missouri
Free States:
California
Connecticut
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Maine
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
New
Hampshire
New
Jersey
New York
Ohio
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
Vermont
West Virginia
(Western counties of
Virginia that refused to
secede from the Union)
Wisconsin
MAP OF THE STATES
LEGEND:
 States that
seceded from
the Union
 Slave
States that
remained in
the Union
 Free
States that
remained in
the Union
THE CIVIL WAR BEGINS
In April of 1861, the disagreements between the Northern
and Southern states were at an all-time high.
 The Confederate Army of the Southern States attacked
Fort Sumter in Charleston, South Carolina.
 President Lincoln was forced to declare WAR!

click on the
image to see a
movie
MAJOR BATTLES AND EVENTS
OF THE WAR


The attack on Ft. Sumter began the war
The First Battle of Manassas (Bull Run) was the 1st
Major Battle
click on the
image to see a
movie
MAJOR BATTLES AND EVENTS
OF THE WAR



The signing of the
Emancipation Proclamation
made “freeing the slaves” the
new focus of the war. Many
freed slaves joined the Union
Army.
The Battle of Vicksburg
divided the South. The
North got control of the
Mississippi River.
The Battle of Gettysburg was
the turning point of the war
because the Union Army
stopped the Confederates
from invading the North.
click on the image to see a movie
CIVIL WAR LEADERS
ABRAHAM LINCOLN
* President during the Civil War
* Opposed to slavery
* Wrote the Emancipation
Proclamation
* Determined to keep the United
States as one country
* Delivered the Gettysburg Address
JEFFERSON DAVIS
* President of the Confederate States of
America during the Civil War
CIVIL WAR LEADERS
ROBERT E. LEE
ULYSSES S. GRANT
* Leader of the Confederacy (Army of
Northern Virginia)
* Had been offered command of the
Union forces at the beginning of the
Civil War, but chose not to fight
against Virginia
* Told Southerners to admit that they
lost the war and to come together as
Americans after the war ended
* Leader of the Union Army
* Won the War against the Confederacy
CIVIL WAR LEADERS
THOMAS “STONEWALL”
JACKSON
* Was a skilled Confederate general
from Virginia
FREDERICK DOUGLAS
* A former slave who escaped to the
North and became an abolitionist
(someone who believes slavery is
wrong and
should be illegal)
THE ROLE OF WOMEN

Women were forced to stay home and
run businesses in the North and farms
or plantations in the South.

Clara Barton was a nurse during the Civil
War. She created the American Red Cross.
Clara
Barton
AFRICAN AMERICANS AND
THE WAR
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African Americans fought
in both the Confederate
and Union Armies, but
they were paid less than
white soldiers.
African American soldiers
were discriminated against
and served in separated
units led by white officers.
Robert Smalls was an
African American sailor
and Union Naval Captain.
He was honored for being
very brave and a hero. He
became a Congressman
after the Civil War.
click on the image to see a movie
THE END OF THE WAR
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The war was long
and painful. Over
600,000 men died and
over 1,100,000 were
injured.
General Lee
surrendered to
General Grant on
April 9, 1865 at
Appomattox Court
House in Virginia.
The war was OVER!
Lee surrenders to Grant
EFFECTS OF THE WAR
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Many southern cities were devastated and Atlanta and Richmond
were even burned to the ground
Families and friends were often forced to fight against each other
Southern soldiers were young and did not have many uniforms or
supplies
Many men died from battle or disease
The fighting was very dangerous
Since the Confederacy lost, their money was worthless
Atlanta
Burning