Download most important cash crop in the South Slave state

Social Notes – Unit 6
Cotton – most important cash crop in the South
Slave state – a state where slavery was allowed
Free state – a state where slavery was not allowed
Underground Railroad – a secret network of trails and hiding places to
help runaway slaves. Conductors helped the passengers, (slaves).
Missouri Compromise – an agreement in 1820 that kept the balance of
free and slave states (Missouri admitted as a slave state, Maine as a
free state)
Tariff – a special tax on goods coming into the U.S.
(tariffs divided the North and South)
* Dred Scott Decision – said that if enslaved people were taken to
free states, they were still enslaved
*South Carolina was the first state to secede from the Union.
*The states that left the Union formed a new country called the
Confederate States of America, or the Confederacy. The president
was Jefferson Davis.
*The first shots of the Civil War were fired at Fort Sumter, SC.
*The first major battle of the Civil War was The Battle of Bull Run in
July, 1861.
*Technology transformed the way the Civil War was fought. Examples:
rifles, iron-covered battle ships, torpedoes, and submarines.
Strengths of the Union:
- More railroads, people, factories, food
Strengths of the Confederacy:
- Strong military tradition, Southerners were skilled in riding
and shooting, most battles were in the South, where people were
defending their homes
Draft – selection of men who must serve in the military
Anaconda Plan – General Scott’s plan to defeat the South
Total war – type of warfare in which each side strikes against the
civilians and economic system of the other
Emancipation Proclamation – document that freed all enslaved people in
the South. Thousands of free African Americans joined the Union
Army.
Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address – a speech given to dedicate the
Gettysburg cemetery
- Lincoln reminded us that the world will not forget what
others did for us, and that the war was not being fought in
vain. The Union would be preserved.
Clara Barton – served in the war by nursing the sick and wounded. She
founded the American Red Cross.
*General Grant had two major goals to bring the war to an end:
- destroy General Lee’s army in Virginia
- capture the Confederate capital (Richmond, Virginia)
*Union General Sherman believed the North needed to wage “total
war” against the South
*General Lee surrendered to General Grant at Appomattox Court
House in Virginia on April 9, 1865.
*Less than a week after the surrender, Lincoln was assassinated and
died on April 15, 1865.
Assassination – murder of an important leader
Malice – desire to harm
Reconstruction – rebuilding of the South
Black codes – laws that restricted African Americans’ rights
Freedmen’s Bureau – provided food, shelter, jobs, and medical care to
both African Americans and whites
Sharecropping – renting land in return for a share of the crop
Segregation – separation by race
Jim Crow laws – rules that made segregation legal in the South
Ku Klux Klan – KKK – people who terrorized African Americans by
destroying property, harming them physically, and preventing them
from voting