Download Chapter 11: The Civil War

Section 1: From Bull
Run to Antietam

The first shots fired on Fort Sumter,
South Carolina, in April 1861
signaled the start of the nation’s
________.
 War between the ________states of
the North and the ________states
of the South.
AKA Battle of ________
 Lincoln ordered the Union headed by
Gen. ________into action
 July 16- marched the
________prepared army into ________
 His objective was the town of
________,important railroad junction

 Opposed
by smaller
confederate force under (Pierre
Gustave Toutant)P.G.T.
________.
Because of ________delays,
Beauregard was able to
strengthen his army (11,000
men added)

________attacked on July 21st


________refused to give up
 Led by Thomas “________” Jackson
 Reinforced by more troops
Sides
________ troops on each side
 ________2,900 casualties ________2,000s


Won by the ________in July 1861.
 North
(Strengths)
________
________
________
________
________
 South,
Confederates
(Strengths)
________
________
________

After the fall of ________, Lincoln ordered a naval
blockade of the ________states


Hoped to keep the ________from shipping
its ________to Europe & prevent them from
________goods
Plan was to use troops & gunboats to gain control of
the ________& cut off the ________

Named the ________Plan
Confederate War Strategies
Souths basic plan was to
________ & ________ (defensive
war)
 War of attrition

 DEFINE
 More
successful for the ________
 Southern planters stopped
exporting ________
 Sudden loss would cause
________& ________to help the
south gain its independence
 failed
Feb. 1862 ________advanced south
along the Tennessee River
 These forts were important water
routes into the western Confed.
 Feb. 6– ________gunboats pounded
Ft ________into surrender & a few
days later Ft Donelson did too


In April 1862 General ________army was encamped
along the Tennessee River just north of the
Mississippi border



poised to strike a blow into the heartland of the South.
Grant had been at this location for about a month, awaiting
the arrival of additional troops under General Buell before
he began his march southward.
Twenty miles to the south, in Corinth, Mississippi,
Confederate General Albert Sidney Johnston ordered
his troops northward with the plan of attacking
Grant before Buell arrived.
The stage was set for one of the Civil War's bloodiest
battles.




Buell's reinforcements finally arrived during the night as did
forces under ________, strengthening the Union lines with
22,500 fresh troops.
With the break of dawn, Grant attacked, pushing the
exhausted Confederates steadily back until they finally began
a retreat in the early afternoon that left the field to the Union
forces.
The confrontation had been a slaughter on both sides.
Corpses littered areas of the battlefield to the extent that, as
General Grant described, "it would have been possible to
walk across the clearing in any direction stepping on dead
bodies without a foot touching the ground." Nearly 100,000
troops had faced each other and almost 24,000 ended as
casualties. This horrendous outcome was a wake-up call to
the nation announcing that the continuing war would be
costly for both sides.
 April
7th- Union reinforcement
arrived overnight
 Defeated the ________
 Casualties
 Union
13,000/Confederacy 11,000
including Johnston
 Bloodiest
single battle- destroyed
Northern hopes that war would
soon be over
 May
1862
 ________landed near Norfolk
trying to capture ________
 Strengths- ________
 Weakness- ________
 Transported
100,000 troops to a
peninsula southeast of Richmond
 McClellan asked for more
________
 Despite urging from Lincoln to
act, he didn’t
 Waited outside ________for one
month
 May
31st ________suddenly
attacked
 Although the ________claimed
victory at the Battle of Seven
Pines, both sides suffered
casualties.
 With
________forces still
threatening Richmond
 ________pretended to prepare for
an attack on Washington
 ________cancelled the orders for
McClellan’s additional troops to
protect the capital
 Jackson
then joined Lee
outside Richmond & attacked
McClellan called the ________
 (________Victory)
 Gen.
________was put in overall
command (north)
 Lee divided his army & sent
Jackson north in a sweeping
movement around Pope’s
position
 Struck behind Pope’s army &
destroyed supplies
 ________ordered
an attack on
Jackson while Lee attacked
 ________victory & McClellan
was returned to command

Outcome:
 The result of the battle was inconclusive but
the north did win a strategic advantage.
23,100 casualties.
 Significance of the Battle of Antietam:
 The Battle of Antietam forced the
________Army to retreat back across the
Potomac River.
 ________day of the Civil War.