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Education and Schooling
LESSON 11
REVIEW OF ISSUES IN LAW
At your table, each person is to make up two
possible questions that could be used as a
review for the topic of Law in Education (use
two small sheets of paper provided)
 Try to avoid duplication in the i.e. one does
duties of a teacher, Child Family Services Act,
etc
 Make sure you know the answer to your
question
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INSIDE OUTSIDE CIRCLE
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You will need to go out in the hall and form two big
groups (2 halves of the class)
Each big group forms 2 circles; one inside and one
outside (see diagram)
Person inside faces person on the outside
The person inside the group starts with his or her
questions and asks the person directly in front of him or
her
The circle on the outside moves to the left
The person on the outside of the circle now asks the
question
Rotate again to the left
Repeat cycle till each person has asked their 2
questions
Inside / Outside Circle
Inside
Outside
AIMS OF EDUCATION TODAY
In Canada, people agree that the purpose of schools
is to “educate”.
However , there has been long debates and
disagreement on what does it mean to be
educated?
On what principle should we proceed?
 useful in life?
 virtuous?
 highest knowledge ?
THREE SCHOOLS OF THOUGHT
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Education for Prosocial Values
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Education for Socialization
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Education for Personal Growth and Societal
Improvement
EDUCATION FOR PRO-SOCIAL VALUES
 should teach values such as honesty, fairness,
civility, and respect for the law, respect for
others, industry or hard work, persistence or
the ability to follow through, fairness in dealing
with others, compassion for others, politeness
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to enable people of diverse backgrounds to live
together peacefully
promoting the democratic ideal of equality for
all
What is an example of this?
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EDUCATION FOR SOCIALIZATION
schools as a place where the young become
socialized
 an institution where young people from various
ethnic, racial, religious and cultural backgrounds
learn about Canadian values and customs
 achievement is the focus; schools are to impart
academic knowledge and skills to prepare
students for additional schooling or for the world
of work
 teach academic content
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What is an example of this?
EDUCATION FOR PERSONAL GROWTH AND
SOCIETAL IMPROVEMENT
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teach to enable the young to become all they are capable of
becoming
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emphasis is on the individual first and society second
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goals go beyond academic achievement to include the development
of positive self-concept and interpersonal skills or emotional
intelligence
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school skills enable the individual to achieve personal growth and
self-actualization
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skills needed to participate in civil action to make society more
equitable and just
What is an example of this?
EDUCATION IS ONTARIO IS CLOSELY TIED TO:
the philosophy of the current political party
 the economic cycle of the province, country and
world
 social pressures stemming from crime
statistics, dropout rates, poverty issues, etc,
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CURRENT MINISTRY INITIATIVES
Think /Pair /Share
With a partner think of the current Ministry
initiatives and how they are linked to social
issues
MINISTRY OF EDUCATION GUIDELINES...
Current Ontario guidelines make statements such as the
following about the aims of education for the province:
“Students graduating from Ontario schools require the
knowledge and skills gained from Social Studies and the
study of History and Geography in order to function as
informed citizens in a culturally diverse and
interdependent world and to participate and compete in
a global economy. They also need to develop attitudes
that will motivate them to use their knowledge and skills
in a responsible manner.”
CURRICULUM GUIDELINES
“…they must also develop the broad based skills that are
vital to success in the world of work: they must learn to
evaluate different points of view and examine
information critically to solve problems and make
decisions on a variety of issues.”
“An information and technology based society requires
individuals who are able to think critically about complex
issues, analyze and adapt to new situations, solve
problems of various kinds, and communicate their
thinking effectively.”
An example ........see poster from Near North District School Board
“On Common Ground”
See the website
http://www.curriculum.org/secretariat/literacy_en.html for more
information on “Common Ground”
CHARACTER EDUCATION
K W L on Character Education
Know
Want to know
Learned
IN THE KWL CHART ABOVE DISCUSS WHAT YOU
KNOW ALREADY, WANT TO KNOW, AND WHAT
YOU HAVE LEARNED ON CHARACTER
EDUCATION
CULTURE OF THE SCHOOL
Every school has a distinct and unique culture, or collective way of life. It
consists of the values, attitudes and beliefs that influence the traditions and
behaviour of people who share the space. It defines people’s way of
interacting.
Four elements of culture can be used to describe and explain the culture of
schools. These include:
 The climate
 The ethos (philosophy)
 The atmosphere
 The character
Experienced educators and supervisors will tell you that they can get a feeling
for the culture of a school within minutes of coming into the building. What
the school values and pursues is evident in what it displays, how people
treat and speak to each other, and the overall tone and sense of purpose in
the building.
CULTURE OF A SCHOOL
At your tables discuss what you thought was the
culture of the school at your placement or a
school that you would like to emulate.
Discuss in terms of the following components:
CULTURE OF THE SCHOOL
In determining a school culture, educators should also consider:
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The physical environment- Is the building clean and tidy? Displays of student art ,
trophies, bulletin boards with student of the week, etc . Is it inviting?
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The formal practices – Are classes purposefully structured to provide students with
the best learning opportunities? Is the school overly departmentalized or does staff
work cooperatively to support student success?
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The school’s traditions – What elements of the school culture are handed down from
year to year? What has the school community come to expect of the school?
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The Culture of the classroom…The teacher-student interactions- What is the
accepted manner in which teachers and students interact? How does the classroom
teacher address disruptive influences/ students? How is a satisfying and growth
promoting environment created? To what extent are guidance and control balanced
to manage each classroom?
SOCIAL ISSUES
Using the sticky notes, please write which social
issues schools and teachers are faced with
today
Write them on individual sticky notes by yourself
Compare and sort with the rest of the members
of the group at your table
SOCIAL ISSUES
Multiculturalism
Diversity
Gender issues
Poverty
Students at
Risk/Drop outs
Sexual
Orientation
Violence and
Bullying
Suicide
Family stresses
Teen Pregnancy
Child Abuse
Substance
Abuse
SOCIAL ISSUES
Here are a few of the many issues affecting schools………………
 teen pregnancies
 at-risk students ( and Ontario’s Student Success Initiatives)
 gender equity
 cultural diversity
 substance abuse
 crime and violence in schools
 school improvement
 children in poverty
 effective schools
 family stress
 multicultural education
 latchkey children
 youth suicide
 Alternative education
SOME OF THE SUPPORTS SCHOOLS COMMONLY PROVIDE TO ADDRESS SOCIETAL
PROBLEMS INCLUDE:
INTERVENTION PROGRAMS
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Guidance counsellors (Student Services)
Guidance Program plan
Student Success teams
Student Success initiatives such as Credit Recovery, Credit Rescue,
Character Education
SCHOOL BASED INTERPROFESSIONAL CASE MANAGEMENT
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partnerships of services from the home, school, and community, coordinated through the school
to serve the student
a case management approach where the team meets to offer connected services to support the
student and the family
PEER COUNSELLING
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supervised by a trained adult
can address a wide range of problems ( e.g., low achievement, interpersonal problems, home
problems, substance abuse, career planning)
benefits both counselors and students ( i.e., increased self esteem and greater ability to deal
with problems)
ALTERNATIVE SCHOOLS AND CURRICULA
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usually provide some remediation, counseling, and vocational training
can run as a school-within-school and can offer individualized instruction on flexible timetables