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The Cell Cycle Mitosis: the process by which cells reproduce themselves, resulting in daughter cells that contain the same amount of genetic material as the parent cell. One of the characteristics of living things is that they need to reproduce more of themselves. One way that cells reproduce is by mitosis. There are other ways, too. Animated Mitosis Cycle http://www.cellsalive.com/mitosis.htm • Interphase • Prophase • Metaphase • Anaphase • Telophase • Cytokinesis Chromosomes are copied (# doubles) • Chromosomes appear as threadlike coils (chromatin) at the start, but each chromosome and its copy(sister chromosome) change to sister chromatids at end of this phase • Nucleus CELL MEMBRANE Cytoplasm Animal Cell Plant Cell Photographs from: http://www.bioweb.uncc.edu/biol1110/Stages.htm • • • Mitosis begins (cell begins to divide) Centrioles (or poles) appear and begin to move to opposite end of the cell. Spindle fibers form between the poles. Sister chromatids Centrioles Spindle fibers Animal Cell Plant Cell Spindle fibers Centrioles Photographs from: http://www.bioweb.uncc.edu/biol1110/Stages.htm • Chromatids (or pairs of chromosomes) attach to the spindle fibers. Centrioles Spindle fibers Animal Cell Plant Cell Photographs from: http://www.bioweb.uncc.edu/biol1110/Stages.htm • Chromatids (or pairs of chromosomes) separate and begin to move to opposite ends of the cell. Centrioles Spindle fibers Animal Cell Plant Cell Photographs from: http://www.bioweb.uncc.edu/biol1110/Stages.htm • • • Two new nuclei form. Chromosomes appear as chromatin (threads rather than rods). Mitosis ends. Nuclei Chromatin Nuclei Animal Cell Plant Cell Photographs from: http://www.bioweb.uncc.edu/biol1110/Stages.htm • Cell membrane moves inward to create two daughter cells – each with its own nucleus with identical chromosomes. Animal Mitosis -- Review Interphase Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Cytokinesis Plant Mitosis -- Review Interphase Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Cytokinesis 18 - Cell Division 20 20 http://www.cellsalive.com/mitosis.htm