Download Organelle Notes

Organelle Notes
(1) Nucleus
• FUNCTION:
– Stores DNA / Chromosomes
– Covered in Nuclear Envelope
– Nucleolus makes ribosomes
– “Controls” cell
• STRUCTURE: (see next slide)
(2) Endoplasmic Reticulum
• FUNCTION:
– Lipid production + assembly
– Protein assembly
– Lipid + Protein export
• STRUCTURE: (see next slide)
(3) Ribosome
• FUNCTION:
– Protein production
• STRUCTURE:
(4) Golgi Body / Apparatus
• FUNCTION:
– Modify, Sort & Package proteins
– Take materials made @ ER  Package to be
shipped to other areas of the cell, or to be
secreted out of the cell!
• STRUCTURE: (see next slide)
(5) Mitochondrion
• FUNCTION:
– Convert chemical energy stored in food, into
ATP
– Undergo Cellular Respiration
• STRUCTURE: (see next slide)
(6) Chloroplast
• FUNCTION:
– Convert light energy from the sun, into stored
energy in food.
– Undergo photosynthesis
• STRUCTURE: (see next slide)
(7) Lysosome
• FUNCTION:
– Filled with enzymes that digest/break down
lipids, carbs, proteins and other molecules
into smaller forms.
– Digest “useless” cell parts.
• STRUCTURE: (see next slide)
(8) Peroxisome
• FUNCTION:
– Contain catalase
– Break down hydrogen peroxide.
• STRUCTURE:
(looks like lysosome)
(9) Centriole / Centrosome
• FUNCTION:
– Centrioles are unique to animal cells.
– Centrioles organize DNA during replication +
division.
– Centrosomes produce microtubules like
centrioles.
– Centrosomes also help w/division in plant
cells.
• STRUCTURE: (see next slide)
(10) Vacuole
• FUNCTION:
– Storage sac for materials like water, salts,
proteins and carbohydrates.
– Plants use them to maintain structure.
• STRUCTURE: (see next slide)