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Kingdom Protista Fidgety little critters! Protista What is a Protist? • Eukaryotic – Has a nucleus! • Mostly single celled • Classified by: – MOVEMENT – OBTAIN FOOD • Animal-like: – Heterotrophic • Plant-like: – Autotrophic (have chloroplasts) • Fungus-like: – Parasitic/Decomposers – REPRODUCE Protozoa = animal like protista • EX: Paramecium • Single-celled heterotrophs that can move Animal-like Protists: Sarcodinia • Movement: – By pseudopods: • Little blobs of cytoplasm • Means “Fake Feet” • Consumer Nutrition: – Surround meal and bring into food vacuole • Phagocytosis! • Reproduction: – Binary Fission • Organism: – Amoeba amoeba Animal-like Protists: Ciliates • Movement: – By cilia: • Little “hairs” that beat like oars • Consumer Nutrition: – Food is swept in by cilia to GULLET – Contractile vacuoles collect and “spit out” water • Reproduction: – Binary fission AND conjugation • Organism: – Paramecium caudatum, Stentor coeruleus, Blepharisma Stentor Cilia Mouth Gullet Contractile Vacuole Food Vacuole Paramecium • Use an oral groove • • • • (mouth) to obtain food. Contractile vacuole is used to pump out water Food vacuole – storage pocket for food (like a stomach) Anal Pore – disposes of waste Pellicle – membrane covering that protects the paramecium (like skin) Plant-like Protists: Flagellates (Volvox) • No roots, stems, or leaves • Colonial organism: – Hundreds of individual cells “live” together • Movement: – Long, whip-like flagella – Whole colony moves together! • Nutrition: – Autotrophic - photosynthesis – Contain chloroplasts! (Hence green color!) • Reproduction: – Binary fission Volvox Euglenophytes: The plant-like animal protist • NO CELL WALL: – Has pellicle (skin like) • MOVEMENT: – TWO flagella • NUTRITION: – Autotrophic (chloroplasts) – Can be heterotrophic when no sunlight! – Red spot helps organism to find sunlight • REPRODUCTION: – By binary fission • ORGANISM: – Euglena Also called eyespot Diatoms – plant like Protista • Unicellular • Glass-like • Cell wall containing silica Spirogyra – plant like • Contains chloroplast in a • • • spiral setting Green algae Most of the interior cell is a large central vacuole Reproduce asexually through fragmentation or sexually through conjugation Seaweed • Large, multicellular marine algae • Photosynthetic • Can be red, brown or green • Can be 100’s feet long Fungus-like Protista – decompose organic matter • Slime molds and water molds are fungus like – Slime molds are both fungus like and animal like • Decompose like fungus • Can move like animals Slime molds can be plasmodial or cellular • Plasmodial slime molds are giant cells with many nuclei • Cellular slime molds contain independent cells
