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Greek and Roman Mythology What is a myth? A traditional story rooted in primitive folk beliefs of cultures Uses the supernatural to interpret natural events Explains the culture’s view of the universe and the nature of humanity The First Parents Mother Earth = Gaea Father Sky = Ouranos They had three kinds of children: ◦ Three monsters with 100 hands and 50 heads ◦ Three cyclopes ◦ The titans These were the first characters that had the appearance of life, although it was unlike any life known to man. The Titans (the elder gods) There were many of them. Enormous size, incredible strength Cronos (Saturn): Ruler of the titans Rhea: Wife of Cronos Ocean: River that encircled the world Iapetus: Father of Prometheus, Epimetheus, and Atlas (also titans) the principal gods Cronos and Rhea were parents of ◦ ◦ ◦ ◦ ◦ ◦ Zeus Poseidon Hades Hera Hestia Demeter Other Olympians include ◦ ◦ ◦ ◦ ◦ ◦ ◦ ◦ ◦ ◦ Athena Ares Hebe Hephaestus Apollo Artemis Hermes Aphrodite Dionysus Persephone The Olympians Zeus Supreme god of the Olympians Fathered many characters in mythology Zeus Hera Zeus’s sister and wife Jealous protector of marriage Punished the women Zeus fell in love with Poseidon god of the Seas and Waters “The Earthshaker” Hades god of the Underworld/ Dead Kidnapped Persephone Hestia goddess of home powerful protector Demeter goddess of the Harvest A goddess of the Earth Athena goddess of Wisdom and War sprang from Zeus’s head Ares god of war Son of Zeus and Hera Bloodthirsty and merciless Hephaestus god of Fire/Forge Son of Zeus and Hera Kind, unlike his brother Apollo god of Light/Sun and Music Brother of Artemis Artemis goddess of the Moon/ Hunt Sister to Apollo Hermes Messenger of the gods Appears in more myths than any other character Aphrodite goddess of Love and Beauty Sprang from the ocean foam Dionysus god of Wine Patron god of the Greek stage A god of the Earth Persephone goddess of the Underworld Daughter of Zeus and Demeter Abducted by Hades Eros Young god of Love Son of Aphrodite and Hephaestus The Gorgons Three snakehaired monsters Medusa is most well-known Their look turns men to stone. The Centaurs Half man, half horse Savage creatures (except Chiron) Followers of Dionysus Sources Graphics in this presentation were taken from the following web sites: ◦ ◦ ◦ ◦ ◦ ◦ ◦ http://www.bulfinch.org/fables/search.html http://www.pantheon.org/ http://www.messagenet.com/myths/ http://mythman.com/ http://web.uvic.ca/grs/bowman/myth/index.html http://www.paleothea.com/ http://www.entrenet.com/%7Egroedmed/greekm/myth.html This presentation is for educational purposes only; it has not been and should not be sold or used as a vehicle to make money.