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THE HUMAN EAR By: Emily Evans, Spenser Clark, and Maria Boff What is this picture? This is the human ear. It is made up of many parts that work together allowing sound to process through our brains. Where to begin… • 3 basic parts: • the outer ear • the middle ear • the inner ear • The outer ear collects the sound and sends it to the middle ear. • The middle ear takes the energy and turns them into vibrations that are sent to the eardrum. • When the vibrations gets to the inner ear it vibrates nerve cells that send them to the brain so we can understand what we are hearing. The Parts of the Outer Ear Are… Ear Flap This is where the sound enters the ear. It is used to protect the middle ear and the eardrum. Ear Canal The ear canal located in the outside part of the ear is around 2 centimeters long. It is a vital part of the ear because it amplifies sounds and frequencies of approximately 3000 Hz. It caries the sound into the middle part of the ear. Middle Ear • • • The middle ear is made of the ear drum, hammer, anvil, stirrup, and the Eustachian tube… Eardrum: The eardrum is a very durable membrane which vibrates as the incoming sound waves enter. Compressions and rarefactions vibrate to give the eardrum the same frequency of the sound wave. The movements of the eardrum make the hammer, anvil, and stirrup in sync with each other with the frequency of the sound. The three bones work together and… – The stirrup is connected to the inner ear and the vibrations of the stirrup are transmitted to the fluid of the inner ear – Together the anvil, stirrup, and hammer work as levers to amplify the vibrations of the sound wave Eustachian Tubes… Eustachian Tube • Think of the Eustachian Tube as an air conditioning system and a janitorial staff connected to the nose. Its job is to ventilate the middle ear and relieve it of pressure. It also gets rid of bacteria and fluid built up in the middle ear. The parts of the inner ear • The cochlea has many nerve cells. These nerve cells are attached to nerve fibers. The vibrations are then transmitted through the auditory nerve to the brain where they will be processed into sounds we comprehend. • The cochlea is similar to the retina of the eye and the auditory nerve is like the optic nerve. Infections in the Ear Mommy, why do my ears hurt? Sometimes our ears are very sensitive, and we may even have an ear infection. These have many origins including germs getting in your Eustachian tube. Now for a special presentation… O When the Sound Goes Marching In... Lyrics O when the sound (o when the sound) Goes marching in (goes marching in) O when the sound goes marching in It travels to the canal and then to the eardrum When the sound goes marching (it goes marching in) The auditory nerve sends signals to the brain When the sound goes marching (it goes marching in) Lyrics Continued O when the sound (o when the sound) goes marching in (goes marching in) O when the sound goes marching in The eardrum vibrates and then makes sound When the sound goes marching in (it goes marching in) Do you remember??? • • • • • • • • • • How many main parts of the ear are there? 3 Where does the sound enter? Outer ear What are the two parts of the outer ear? Ear flap and ear canal What is like a janitorial staff? Eustachian Tube Name at least 2 parts of the middle ear? Ear drum, hammer, anvil, stirrup, and Eustachian tube Created by…………………………Spenser, Maria, Emily Song Written By ……………………Spenser Clark Song Performed By …………………Spenser Clark Back-up Singers ……………………..Emily Evans and Maria Boff