Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Defining Hearing Loss • Dear and hard of hearing describes hearing loss • Unilateral or bilateral • IDEA defines deafness as a hearing impairment that is so severe that the student is impaired in processing linguistic information through hearing, with or without amplification and that adversely affects the student’s education performance • The severity of hearing loss is measured through decibels (dB) – – Deaf=70-90 dB Harding of hearing =20-70 dB • Congenital deafness is a rare condition • Deaf community prefers term “deaf child” to hearing impaired Determining the Causes • Congenital • Acquired • Genetic causes • Prenatal causes – – – – • Postnatal causes – – • Hypoxia Rubella Other illnesses Premature infants Bacterial meningitis Acute otitis media (ear infections) Postlingual casues – Trauma to skull, excessive noise Determining the Presence • Diagnostic Assessment – – – • Medical personnel – – • Screen all newborns for hearing loss before 1 month of age Evaluate all infants who screen positive before 3 months of age Early interventions (initiated before 6 months) Otologist (physician) Audiologist (measures hearing) Hearing aides Cochlear implants Big Issues Cochlear implant http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ECT6FY4cby0&feature=related http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5pfQhyy6c7Y&feature=related Determining the Nature of Specially Designed Instruction and Services Educational evaluation How hearing is tested Audiometer Audiogram (behavioral) Typanograph Speech audiometry Vision Impairment Defining Visual Impairments Two different definitions Legal definition Based on acuity and filed of vision IDEA definition Low vision Functionally blind Totally blind Characteristics • Incidental Learning – – The way sighted children naturally learn about their environment Lack of incidental learning skills can impact the development of motor, language, cognitive and social skills • Limitations in range and variety of experiences • Limitations in the ability to get around • Limitations in interactions with the environment Determining the causes Congenital vision impairments Occur at birth or before vision memories have been established Adventitious vision impairments When a person has had normal vision but then acquires a vision loss Determining the presence • Determining how a student uses vision – – • FVA Provides more concrete information about a student’s vision that may help in making IEP decisions Determining the appropriate reading medium – Finding the appropriate learning medium (learning medium assessment) • – Braille, print, audiotapes, and access technology Allows the IEP team to know needed accomodations Determining the Nature of Specially Designed Instruction and Services • Expanded Core Curriculum – – – Compensatory and Communication Skills Social and interaction skills Orientation and mobility skills • Informal assessments should include the student’s ability to function independently • Assessments should include the age-appropriateness of tasks – – • What are the student’s peers doing? Determine skills typically learned through incidental learning, analyze task involvement, and begin teaching these tasks earlier Avoid making assumptions about a student’s previously acquired learning