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ILLINOIS SCHOOL FOR THE DEAF 125 Webster, Jacksonville, IL The mission of the Illinois School for the Deaf is to educate students who are deaf or hard of hearing to be responsible, self supporting citizens. ISD website: www.illinoisdeaf.org 217-479-4200 State of Illinois Pat Quinn, Governor Dept. of Human Services Michelle Saddler, Secretary Illinois School f/t Deaf Dr. Janice Smith-Warshaw, Supt. ILLINOIS SCHOOL FOR THE DEAF OUTREACH FREE training and consultation in support of Illinois children who are deaf or hard of hearing ISD Outreach website: www.bit.ly/ISDOutreach Like us on Facebook! bit.ly/isdoutreach 217-479-4393 State of Illinois Pat Quinn, Governor Dept. of Human Services Michelle Saddler, Secretary Illinois School f/t Deaf Dr. Janice Smith-Warshaw, Supt. The Impact of Hearing Loss …or “A Little Hearing Loss is a Big Thing” Objectives The audience will: • • • • Understand “a little hearing loss is a big thing” Be aware of “red flag” behaviors Learn accommodation strategies Better understand how to work with an educational interpreter From Oliver Sacks “Seeing Voices” “Unless special measures are taken, the average deaf child will have only fifty to sixty words at the age of six, whereas the average hearing child has three thousand.” And... “If communication goes awry, it affects the intellectual growth, social intercourse, language development, and emotional attitudes, all at once, simultaneously and inseparable.” A Word About Words • • • • • Deaf vs. deaf Dumb vs. mute Hearing Impaired “People first” language Decibel (dB) Degrees of Hearing Loss • Normal Hearing • Mild Hearing Loss • Moderate Hearing Loss • Severe Hearing Loss • Profound http://www.firstyears.org/lib/howtoread.htm http://firstyears.org/lib/hearloss.htm Spelling Test Listen carefully! A mild hearing loss can cause a child to be a grade level behind in reading and math! Max Stanley Chartrand Ph.D., Health & Human Services/Research in Commuunicative Disorders A child with a mild hearing loss can pass the school hearing screening! “Children with a unilateral hearing loss are 10 times as likely to be held back at least one grade level compared with children with normal hearing.” Self Help for Hard of Hearing Ear Infections • Can cause a mild hearing loss • Recurring incidence • Allergies • Symptoms So…. ….What would you have missed in your household this morning if you couldn’t hear? It’s more than a hearing loss… It means losing the ability to connect with those around you. • Input for developing speech/language • Communication • Language • Academic and social skills Think about it! • Linguistic structures • Optimum language learning • Early identification Impact of Hearing Loss Degree of Loss Language Delay • Normal 1 year • Mild 2.0 years • Moderate 2.9 years Impact of Hearing Loss Degree of Loss • Moderate/Severe • Severe • Profound Language Delay 3.5+ years Impact of Hearing Loss Cultural Economic Vocational Psych. Social Education Experience Commun. Language Auditory Deficit Deficit Deficit Deficit Deficit Deficit Deficit Deficit Deficit Disability Economic Vocational Psych. Social Education Experience Commun. Language Auditory Deficit Deficit Deficit Deficit Deficit Deficit Deficit Deficit Disability Vocational Psych. Social Education Experience Commun. Language Auditory Deficit Deficit Deficit Deficit Deficit Deficit Deficit Disability Psych. Social Education Experience Commun. Language Auditory Deficit Deficit Deficit Deficit Deficit Deficit Disability Social Education Experience Commun. Language Auditory Deficit Deficit Deficit Deficit Deficit Disability Education Experience Commun. Language Auditory Deficit Deficit Deficit Deficit Disability Experience Commun. Language Auditory Deficit Deficit Deficit Disability Commun. Language Auditory Deficit Deficit Disability Language Auditory Deficit Disability Auditory Disability Impact in the classroom (MARRS Project 1979-93) • Teacher’s voice • Acoustics • Academic performance Amplification • Hearing aids • Cochlear implants http://hesp.ent.uci.edu/drupal/node/13 Amplification • FM systems • Sound field systems Red Flag Behaviors • Inattentive • Asks for repetition • Speech, language problems • Allergies, colds, ear infections More Red Flag Behaviors • Omits endings “sh”, “s”, “th”, “f” • Very visual • Inconsistent hearing • Answers unrelated to questions Even More Red Flag Behaviors • Ear pain; tugs ear • Poor balance • Loud noises are painful • Short attention span Still More… • Distractible • Immaturity • Fails to follow directions • Loses place while reading Not done yet…. • Strains to listen, favors one ear • Uses inappropriate speaking behavior • Watches speaker’s face more than normal What if you suspect a hearing loss? • Refer to the school nurse for screening • Parents can also ask for a referral to – the school nurse – an audiologist – an ENT (eye, ear, nose and throat doctor) Educational Responsibilities IDEA requires: • Special needs be considered • Individual Education Plan (IEP) • A Free Appropriate Public Education (FAPE) Educational Responsibilities IDEA requires: • Least Restrictive Environment (LRE) • US Dept. of Education • Public Act 093-0282 In the Classroom Tips: • Attitude • Educate class on hearing loss • Encourage class participation • Encourage interaction Adapted from Daniel Ononiwu, Deaf Education Consultant In the Classroom Tips: • Seating • Environmental noise • Stand still! Adapted from Daniel Ononiwu, Deaf Education Consultant In the Classroom Tips: • Talking • Face student • Stand away from windows/bright lights • Speak at moderate pace • Use normal mouth movements • Indicate when others are talking Adapted from Daniel Ononiwu, Deaf Education Consultant In the Classroom Tips: • Talking • Facial hair • Intelligibility • Rephrase • Covering face Adapted from Daniel Ononiwu, Deaf Education Consultant In the Classroom Tips: • Announcements • Vocabulary • Give material in advance • Captioned videos • Written tests Adapted from Daniel Ononiwu, Deaf Education Consultant In the Classroom Tips: • Check for understanding • Visual fatigue • Emergencies • Note taker • Interpreter Adapted from Daniel Ononiwu, Deaf Education Consultant Educational Interpreters • Trained professionals • ISBE Approval Standards • Code of Ethics • Convey ALL interactions • Do not add/delete information • Do not offer opinions Educational Interpreters Questions for you! • Is it easy to learn using an interpreter? • Are the interpreter’s skills important? • Quality of education • Student success Role of the Educational Interpreter Levels of Responsibility Interpreter Young child Student High School Educational Interpreters • CANNOT • Assume teacher/aide responsibilities • Be responsible for managing or disciplining the class • Be responsible for disciplining the student who is deaf or hard of hearing Working with an Interpreter Tips: • Look at the student when speaking • Use normal tone/speed • Use the first/second person only • Correct: “Did you understand the story?” • Incorrect: “Ask her if she understood the story.” Working with an Interpreter Tips • Lag time • Clarification • Positioning Working with an Interpreter Tips • Visual Information • Attention • Notes • Worksheets • Visual Fatigue Summary • Even a little hearing loss can be a big thing. • Hearing loss impacts language development, academic growth, communication, and social-emotional development. • Early identification and intervention is key to keeping children with a hearing loss on track. • Amplification can be specific to an individual or provided as a classroom intervention. • Connecting the dots of red flag behaviors can aid with early identification. Summary • Every student has the right to a free and appropriate public education in the least restrictive environment. • Classroom accommodations should be implemented as soon as a hearing loss is identified. • Illinois School for the Deaf Outreach provides free resources and training to schools (with CPDUs), communities, and parents throughout the state of Illinois. Questions? Thank you for your time and attention!