Download Chapter 3: Israelites

Chapter 3
The Ancient
Israelites
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The Ancient Israelites
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The First Israelites
Get Ready to Read (cont.)
Focusing on the Main Ideas
• The Israelites believed in one God
who set down moral laws for his
people. They recorded their history in
the Bible. 
• The Israelites had to fight the
Canaanites to return to their promised
land.
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The First Israelites
The Early Israelites
• The Israelites built a kingdom in
Canaan.
• Today, Lebanon, Israel, and Jordan
occupy the land that was once Canaan. 
• The belief in one god is called
monotheism.
(pages 81–83)
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The First Israelites
The Early Israelites (cont.)
• The Israelite faith became the religion
of Judaism. 
• Judaism influenced Christianity and Islam
and helped shape the beliefs of European
and American societies. 
• Israelites spoke Hebrew and wrote their
history and beliefs in what later became
the Hebrew Bible.
(pages 81–83)
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The First Israelites
The Early Israelites (cont.)
• The Israelites were descended from
Abraham.
• The Israelites believed God
told Abraham to
settle in Canaan
and worship the
one true God. 
• Abraham’s
grandson, named
Jacob, raised 12
sons in Canaan.
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(pages 81–83)
The First Israelites
The Early Israelites (cont.)
• Their families became the 12 tribes of
Israel. 
• After 100 years in Canaan, the Israelites
suffered a long drought. 
• To survive the Israelites went to Egypt. 
• The Egyptian pharaoh enslaved the
Israelites. 
• To prevent the Israelites from rebelling,
the pharaoh ordered all baby boys to be
thrown into the Nile River.
(pages 81–83)
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The First Israelites
The Early Israelites (cont.)
• The pharaoh’s daughter found a baby
boy in a basket on the riverbank. 
• She named the baby Moses. 
• When Moses grew up, he herded sheep
in the hills outside Egypt. 
• In those hills, he saw a burning bush
and heard a voice. 
• He believed it was God telling him to
lead the Israelites out of Egypt.
(pages 81–83)
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The First Israelites
The Early Israelites (cont.)
• The Bible says that God sent 10
plagues to trouble Egypt. 
• The last plague killed all the first-born
children, except for those Israelites who
marked their doors with lamb’s blood. 
• The plague convinced the pharaoh to let
the Israelites leave Egypt. 
• After the Israelites left, the pharaoh
changed his mind.
(pages 81–83)
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The First Israelites
The Early Israelites (cont.)
• He sent soldiers after the Israelites. 
• The Bible says that God parted the Red
Sea, so the Israelites could pass. 
• The water flowed back when the
soldiers
tried to
cross,
and they
drowned.
(pages 81–83)
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The First Israelites
The Early Israelites (cont.)
• On the way back to Canaan, Moses
went to the top of Mount Sinai and
received laws from God. 
• These laws were known as the Torah,
which became the first part of the
Hebrew Bible. 
• The Ten Commandments—what God
believes to be right and wrong—are the
most important part of the Torah. 
• The Ten Commandments helped form
the basic moral laws of many nations.
(pages 81–83)
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The First Israelites
The Promised Land
• It took the Israelites about 40 years to
reach Canaan. 
• Along the way, Moses died, and Joshua
took over. 
• When the Israelites reached Canaan,
they found a group of people, the
Canaanites, living there. 
• The Israelites believed it was God’s will
to conquer the Canaanites.
(pages 84–85)
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The First Israelites
The Promised Land (cont.)
• Joshua led the Israelites into battle. 
• They marched around the walls of the
city of Jericho for six days. 
• On the seventh day, the Israelites let out
a great
shout,
and the
wall of
Jericho
crumbled.
(pages 84–85)
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The First Israelites
The Promised Land (cont.)
• Eventually, the Israelites won the hilly
region of Canaan, and the Canaanites
kept the coastal areas. 
• The Israelites built walled towns to
protect themselves. 
• The Phoenicians were a group of
Canaanites who developed an
alphabet. 
• An alphabet is a group of letters that
stands for sounds.
(pages 84–85)
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The First Israelites
How did the Phoenicians affect
other cultures of the world?
The Phoenicians passed on their
alphabet to the Greeks and
Romans. This alphabet is the basis
for most Western alphabets of
today.
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The First Israelites
Why was the religion of Israel unique
in the ancient world?
Unlike most other religions, it had
only one God.
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The First Israelites
Analyze What was the importance
of the Phoenician alphabet?
It made writing simpler and helped
in keeping records.
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The Kingdom of Israel
The Israelites Choose a King (cont.)
• A prophet is a person who claims to be
instructed by God. 
•

(page 87)
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The Growth of Judaism
The Jews and the Romans (cont.)
• The Dead Sea Scrolls were probably
written by the Essenes and were found
near the Dead Sea in A.D. 1947. 
• The Jews hated Roman rule. 
• Some Jews, known as the Zealots,
wanted to fight the Romans. 
• They revolted in A.D. 66 and drove the
Romans out of Jerusalem.
(pages 100–102)
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The Growth of Judaism
The Jews and the Romans (cont.)
• The Romans regained control four years
later. 
• They killed thousands of Jews and
forced many others to leave. 
• The Romans also destroyed the temple
in Jerusalem.
(pages 100–102)
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The Ancient Israelites
Introduction
The First Israelites
The Kingdom of Israel
The Growth of Judaism
The Ten Commandments
Proverbs
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David Reigned c. 1000–962 B.C.
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