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Ancient Egypt
Memphis
• Ancient capital of Egypt.
• Located South of Cairo
• A line of pyramids begins near the necropolis,
extending for 20 mi (32 km) to Giza
Tell-el-Amarna
• Tell El-Amarna was formally known as
Akhetaten which was named after the
pharoah Amenhotep IV-better known as
Akhenaten.
• There are more than twenty five tombs
facing the base of the cliff front.
The Red Sea
• The earliest known exploration of the Red Sea was
conducted by Ancient Egyptians
• The Biblical Book of Exodus tells the story of the
Israelites' miraculous crossing of a body of water
• The Suez Canal was opened in November 1869
Giza
• was the Capital City of the first unified Egyptian
state since the days of Pharaoh King Narmer".
Giza's most famous archaeological site, the Giza
Plateau, holds some of the most astonishing
monuments in Egyptian history. Once thriving
with the Nile that flowed right into the Giza
Plateau, the Pyramids of Giza were built
overlooking the ancient Egyptian capital of
Memphis, which was near modern day Cairo.
Abydos
• Abydos is the common English name of one of
the most ancient cities of Upper Egypt
• Considered one of the most important
archaeological sites of Ancient Egypt, the sacred
city of Abydos was the site of many ancient
temples, including a Umm el-Qa'ab, a royal
necropolis where early pharaohs were
entombed
Thebes
• The ancient name for the city the Greeks called Thebai
was Waset.
• The Greeks wrote about this city as being the wealthiest
in the Mediterranean
• It was close to Nubia and the eastern desert, with their
valuable mineral resources and trade routes
• Location of royal cemeteries and funerary complexes.
Valley
of the
Kings
• After the kings abandoned the Memphis area they built
their tombs in Thebes.
• Also abandoned were the pyramid style tombs
• Most of the tombs were cut into the limestone following a
similar pattern: three corridors, an antechamber and a
sunken sarcophagus chamber. These catacombs were
harder to rob and were more easily concealed.
• King Tut’s tomb was located here.
Rosetta
Stone
• The Rosetta Stone is a fragment of an Ancient
Egyptian granodiorite stele, the engraved text of
which provided the key to the modern
understanding of Egyptian hieroglyphs
• The decree appears in three texts: the upper
one is in ancient Egyptian hieroglyphs, the
middle one in Egyptian demotic script, and the
lower text in ancient Greek.
Delta
• During the time of the Pharoahs the delta
was a large farming community.
• It became a Greek trading center