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Bipolar Disorder Dakota Miller Micah Moyer What is it? • Bipolar disorder is a mental illness. • It is also classified as a mood disorder. • Causes unusual shifts in: • • • • Mood Energy Activity levels Ability to perform daily tasks How do you get it? • No single cause. • Many factors: • Genetics • • Seems to run in families. Physiological • Abnormalities in certain brain circuits could be the root of the problem. How do you get it? (continued) • Many factors: • Environmental • • • Environmental factors play important role in developing bipolar disorder. Individual psychosocial variables may interact with genetic dispositions. Including: • Recent life events • Interpersonal relationships How do you get it? (continued) • Many factors: • Neurological • • A bipolar-like disorder can occur due to a neurological condition or injury. Including: • Stroke • Traumatic brain injury • HIV infection • Multiple sclerosis How is it diagnosed? • Five types: • Bipolar I Disorder • • • • Manic or mixed episodes that last 1 week. Manic symptoms severe & person needs immediate hospital care. Depressive episodes that last 2 weeks. Bipolar II Disorder • • Pattern of depressive & hypomanic episodes. No full-blown manic episodes. How is it diagnosed? (continued) • Five types: • Bipolar Disorder Not Otherwise Specified • • • • Symptoms of the illness exist. Don’t meet criteria for Bipolar I or Bipolar II. Symptoms clearly out of normal behavior range. Rapid-Cycling Bipolar Disorder • • Rapid changes in mood. 4+ episodes of major depression, mania, hypomania, or mixed in 1 year. How is it diagnosed? (continued) • Five types: • Cyclothymic Disorder • • • • Also called Cyclothymia. Mild form of bipolar disorder. Episodes of hypomania & mild depression occur for 2 years. Symptoms don’t meet requirements for any other type of bipolar disorder. Parts of Bipolar • Mania • Depression • Hypomania • Mixed state Mania • Abnormally elevated energy levels • Opposite of Depression Mania • Symptoms • • • • • • • Energy increase Unusually more talkative/Hyperactive Racing thoughts Irritable Little sleep required Self-esteem inflated Behavior is reckless Mania Depression • Abnormally decreased energy levels • Opposite of Mania Depression • Symptoms • • • • • • • Sad Crying uncontrollably A lot of guilt Fatigue Anxiety/Social withdrawal Sleeping problems Eating problems Hypomania • Not full blown Mania • Symptoms can still be those of Mania • • • • • Extremely energetic Talkative Confident Hyper-sexuality creativity Mixed State • Being in a Manic AND Depressive state at the same time How to Help • If you want to help someone with a mental illness you should: • • • • • Not treat them different Be empathetic, not sympathetic Let them talk For the love of god do not tell them it gets better LISTEN What is the treatment? • • • Everyone’s different, so medication needed varies. Sometimes combinations of medication needed. • Drugs used • • Mood stabilizers Anxiety relieving drugs Medicines • • • • • Lithium Anticonvulsants Antipsychotics Antidepressants Benzodiazepines Can it be prevented? • It cannot be prevented • Symptoms can be controlled with meds Works Cited • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bipolar_disorder • http://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/bipolardisorder/index.shtml • http://www.healthline.com/health/bipolar-disorder