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Appendicular Skeleton
Bones of the limbs and
supporting elements
Approx. 126 bones
Pectoral Girdle “shoulder”
Clavicles and scapulae
 Clavicle articulates with the manubrium of
the sternum
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Only direct connection to the axial skeleton
Humerous articluated with the scapula at
the glenoid cavity
Upper Limbs
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Brachium (arm) contains the humerus
Deltoid tuberosity- rough elevation formed from
attachment of deltiod muscle
Antebrachium (forearm)- contains the radius
and ulna “in anatomical position the ulna is
medial”
Carpals form wrist, metacarpals are the bones
in the hand, and the phalanges from the fingers
Pelvic Girdle
More massive
 2 fused os coxae (hip bones)- made of
the ilium, ischium, and pubis
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Attach together by a pad of fibrocartilage
called the pubic symphysis
 Articulates with the sacrum
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Socket for connection with the femur
Pelvis
2 hip bones, sacrum, and coccyx
 Females vs. male pelvis
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Enlarged outlet, less curve of sacrum,
broader, greater pubic angle, lighter, and
smoother
Lower Limbs
Femur- longest, heaviest bone in the body
 Patella- large sesmoid bone that forms
within the the tendon of the quads
 Tibia- large medial bone of the lower leg,
transfer weight from femur to the ankle
 Fibula- outer bone, doesn’t support
weight, provides lateral stability to the
ankle
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Ankle/ Foot
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7 Tarsal bones form the ankle
Talus tranfers weight to the foot from the tibia
 Calcaneus- heel, attachment site for achilles
tendon tranfers weight from the talus to the
ground
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Metatarsals- foot bones
 Phalanges- toe bones
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Individual Variation
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Skeletons reveal: an individual’s
musculature, medical history, gender,
age, and nutrition.